Ion diffusion coefficients in poly(3-alkylthiophenes) for energy conversion and biosensing: role of side-chain length and microstructure

Abstract

Electrochemically deposited conductive polymers, with their ion imprinted channels, can increase ion transport speed by three orders of magnitude over their spin coated counterparts by eliminating energetic traps for ion movement.

Bipolarons rule the short-range terahertz conductivity in electrochemically doped P3HT

“…This occurs because the crystalline regions are doped at lower oxidation voltages compared to the amorphous ones, so that the unstructured signature of amorphous neutral P3HT persists at more negative voltages. 20,21,56,57 The polaron component (shown in green in Figure 3b) peaks at ~780 nm (P2 band), and has a second transition (P1 band) rising above 1200 nm. 23,57,58 The bipolarons (blue spectrum) absorb at wavelengths longer than 900 nm with a peak at 1350 nm.…”

Tuning Organic Electrochemical Transistor (OECT) Transconductance toward Zero Gate Voltage in the Faradaic Mode

“…These two factors are critical for biological studies, which require a large number of devices. Furthermore, rr-P3HT is considered the prototypical organic electronic material and as such, the electrochemical properties have been highly characterized. ,, The oxidation potential is such that a number of small molecules, common redox probes, can be utilized with systematic variation in the formal potential. We then repeated the measurements using a second polymer, PBTTT-C12, which exhibits a greater degree of structural ordering and orientation, resulting in a higher carrier mobility and volumetric capacitance compared to P3HT in our electrolyte. − The estimation of the DOS for organic semiconducting polymers has been previously described ,, and is summarized in Supplemental Note 2 in the Supporting Information section with corresponding calculations from Figure S2.…”

“…Furthermore, rr-P3HT is considered the prototypical organic electronic material and as such, the electrochemical properties have been highly characterized. 32,34,51 The oxidation potential is such that a number of small molecules, common redox probes, can be utilized with systematic variation in the formal potential. We then repeated the measurements using a second polymer, PBTTT-C12, which exhibits a greater degree of structural ordering and orientation, resulting in a higher carrier mobility and volumetric capacitance compared to P3HT in our electrolyte.…”

Charge-Transfer Intermediates in the Electrochemical Doping Mechanism of Conjugated Polymers

“…Across the OMIEC literature, a broad suite of active materials has been reported with varying extents of solid-state order and crystallinity. While a number of OMIECs exhibit substantial solid-state order (especially those used in OECT applications ,, ), there also exist many high-performing active materials that show little to no long-range order. − In fact, studies have found that greater crystallinity and/or long-range ordering of the π system is not de facto beneficial for performance, especially considering how disordered systems tend to facilitate ion transport. ,,, In addition, OMIECs prepared by electropolymerization (which is a commonly used route, especially for electrochemical supercapacitors) tend to be very disordered. With these examples in mind, we believe that understanding the properties of disordered systems (like ProDOT­(OE 3 )-DMP) is crucial for the development of the field.…”

“…74−76 In fact, studies have found that greater crystallinity and/or longrange ordering of the π system is not de facto beneficial for performance, especially considering how disordered systems tend to facilitate ion transport. 30,36,77,78 In addition, OMIECs prepared by electropolymerization (which is a commonly used route, especially for electrochemical supercapacitors 79 ) tend to be very disordered. With these examples in mind, we believe that understanding the properties of disordered systems (like ProDOT(OE 3 )-DMP) is crucial for the development of the field.…”