Ion-exchange kinetic studies for Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II) metal ions over a composite cation exchanger

Abstract

Explicit Nernst-Planck approximation is used to study the kinetics of H(I)-metal ion-exchange processes for ions having different effective diffusion coefficients, that is, for non-isotopic exchange process. Kinetic studies of four heavy metal ions (Cd 2+ , Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Pb 2+ ) of environmental importance on the surface of acetonitrile stannic(IV) selenite composite cation exchanger were carried out successfully. On the basis of kinetic studies, various physical parameters, that is, fractional attainment of equilibrium U(τ), self-diffusion coefficients (D o ), energy of activation (E a ), and entropy of activation (ΔS*) are estimated to evaluate the mechanism of ion exchange on the surface of composite ion-exchange material. The activation entropy and energy revealed that the greater degree and minimum energy was achieved during forward ion-exchange process. The results revealed that the kinetic studies are very important for the economic and industrial applications of ion-exchange materials.

Adsorption isotherm studies of Cu (II) and Co (II) in high concentration aqueous solutions on photocatalytically modified diatomaceous ceramic adsorbents

“…In the meantime, adsorption is considered a reliable process that can be used to remediate a mixture of contaminants with low concentrations (Chermisinoff and Ellerbusch 1978). Naturally occurring and synthesized materials have been employed as adsorbent (Mittal et al 2015a, b;Naushad et al 2014;Mittal and Kurup 2006). Synthetic materials appear to be particularly competitive and effective for the removal of heavy metals at trace level (Shawabkeh 1998).…”

Desorption of copper ions from the polyamine-functionalized adsorbents: Behaviors and mechanisms

“…Heavy metal pollution poses serious threat to the environment and public health, due to the toxic and non-biodegradable nature of the heavy metal ions (Naushad et al, 2015a(Naushad et al, , 2015bWang and Chen, 2008). It is a common practice in industry that adsorption technology has been widely applied for heavy metal ion removal.…”

Utilization of annealed aluminum hydroxide waste with incorporated fluoride for adsorptive removal of heavy metals

“…In detail, Al(OH) 3 showed strong peaks of ␣-Al 2 O 3 at 2 of 35, 57, and 76 • . As for Al(OH) 3 -F ads and Al(OH) 3 -F coag with incorporated fluoride, new peaks at 2 of 45 and 52 • appeared besides those due to ␣-Al 2 O 3 , and these peaks were attributed to ␣-AlF 3 [6]. Fluoride ion has a similar ionic radius and charge as hydroxyl ion, and this enables the transformation of Al-F hydroxides into AlF 3 and Al 2 O 3 with various crystalline phases at high AT.…”

“…In the past several decades, various methods such as flocculation [2], adsorption [3][4][5], ion exchange [6], reverse osmosis [7], electro dialysis [8], and precipitation [9] have been developed for the removal of heavy metals. However, the widespread application of some technologies has been restricted by high costs, the production of excessive amounts of concentrated solutions, and the disposal of secondary sludge and so on.…”