Ion-exchanger colorimetry—I Micro determination of chromium, iron, copper and cobalt in water

Yoshimura, Kazuhisa; Waki, Hayato; Ohashi, Shigeru

doi:10.1016/0039-9140(76)80126-9

Cited by 169 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…To minimize the error caused by the packing state difference of the solid beads in the cell for each measurement, the absorbances of the solid phase were measured at the maximum-absorption wavelength (λ1 nm) and a weak or no-absorption wavelength (λ2 nm), then the difference in the attenuances (ΔA = A(λ1 nm) -A(λ2 nm)) was used for the quantitative analysis of the target analyte. 8,18 Therefore, light attenuances at wavelengths λ1 = 610 nm and λ2 = 750 nm were selected for this measurement, then, ΔA was used for the determination of the total iron.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPS denotes the direct absorption measurement of solid beads on which the colored analyte was adsorbed. 8 Regarding the concentration, the SPS efficiency is significantly greater than that of evaporation concentration. For example, in the solution spectrometric method, an 800-cm 3 boiler water sample has to be evaporated/concentrated to 50 cm 3 by heating for 4 -5 h to obtain a measurable iron concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Determination of Trace Iron in the Boiler Water Used in Power Generation Plants by Solid-phase Spectrophotometry

2014

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A sensitive, simple and low-cost determination method for the total iron concentration in boiler water systems of power generation plants was developed by solid phase spectrometry (SPS) using 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ) as a coloring agent. The reagents and 0.08 cm 3 of a cation exchanger were added to a 50-cm 3 boiler water sample, then mixed for 30 min to adsorb/concentrate the produced Fe(TPTZ)2 2+ colored complex on the solid beads, resulting in a 625 times concentration of the target analyte without any other procedure. The detection limit of 0.1 μg dm -3 was obtained, and the optimum conditions for the digestion procedure and color developing reaction was investigated and reported. According to the application of this method to real samples, the present SPS method is the best one because of the shorter analysis time, simpler operation and use of very low-cost equipment compared to the conventional methods, such as TPTZ solution spectrophotometric method after a 16 times concentration, ICP-MS and AAS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Determination of Trace Iron in the Boiler Water Used in Power Generation Plants by Solid-phase Spectrophotometry

2014

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“…This method has already been shown to be advantageous for analysis of different metals as well as for their content control in electrolytes, sewage and natural water. [9][10][11][12][13] Moreover, this method is cheap and applicable under field conditions. 14 In a recent study we investigated the ion exchange recovery of nickel from manganese nitrate solutions obtained after the processing of manganese ores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption Preconcentration and Determination of Nickel in Wastes of Heat Power Industry by Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy

Kalyakina¹,

Кононова²,

Kachin³

et al. 2003

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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The present work is focused on the preconcentration of nickel and its determination by means of diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The preconcentration of nickel was carried out by sorption on macroporous aminocarboxylic amphoteric resin ANKB-35. Based on this collector, a method to determine nickel in wastes of heat power industry was worked out using solid-phase spectroscopy. The colored surface compound to be determined was obtained by a preceding nickel sorption on the resin and by subsequent treatment of the concentrate obtained with definite amounts of 1-(2-pyridilazo)-2-naphtol ( ) do not hinder the solid-phase spectroscopy determination of nickel. The nickel determination by diffuse reflection spectroscopy was carried out in model solutions as well as in solutions obtained after the dissolution of wastes of heat power industry.

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“…Solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) 3,4 is a methodology that includes the preconcentration of the analyte on a solid, with a previous or simultaneous reaction step to produce a chromogenic compound, and the subsequent measurement of the absorbance in the solid phase. This provides an increase in selectivity and sensitivity to SPS methods in relation to solution methods.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimization of variables was studied both in the traditional mode ("one-at-a-time") and using Doehlert's design 5 in order to perform a comparative study. Robust regression 6,7 was applied to detect the outliers and for the determination of the upper limit of the calibration graph for the 100 cm 3 sample system. Saturated fractional factorial designs at two levels were used to evaluate the robustness of the proposed method.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Zinc in Environmental Samples by Solid Phase Spectrophotometry: Optimization and Validation Study

1998

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The proposal of a new analytical method implies two important steps: the optimization of the experimental variables and the validation of the proposed method. The first one involves the selection of the values of the factors which have an influence on the analytical signal and produce the best results in the analytical process. To develop the optimization of analytical methods, two different strategies can be used. In the traditional "oneat-a-time" operation, all the values of the different factors except one are constant, and this one is the object of the survey. The alternative to this strategy is the Experimental Design; in this case the whole set of the factors comprising the system is simultaneously modified, making it possible to identify the factors which modify the analytical response. The latter strategy allows us to understand circumstances which are not explained by the traditional mode, such as those in which the analytical response is a multimodal function of the independent variables or when the effects of the variables are not additive and there is interaction among them. The validation of an analytical method verifies that the characteristics of the method fit the requirements of the application domain, that is, the whole set of specifications: concentration interval of the analyte, level of uncertainty accepted, selectivity, application conditions, etc. 2 Consequently, the validation methodology involves the definition of the quantitative characteristics that determine whether the different stages of the procedure are suitable for a particular analysis.The use of chemometric techniques in the two steps makes it possible to ensure quality control in the laboratory; furthermore, less time is necessary for development of the method and improved characteristics are obtained. Thus, using experimental designs a greater quantity and higher quality of information is obtained, in relation to the variables of the analytical system and its characteristics.Solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) 3,4 is a methodology that includes the preconcentration of the analyte on a solid, with a previous or simultaneous reaction step to produce a chromogenic compound, and the subsequent measurement of the absorbance in the solid phase. This provides an increase in selectivity and sensitivity to SPS methods in relation to solution methods. This paper describes the use of experimental design and chemometric techniques to develop and validate a SPS method for the determination of zinc in environmental samples. The optimization of variables was studied both in the traditional mode ("one-at-a-time") and using Doehlert's design 5 in order to perform a comparative study. Robust regression 6,7 was applied to detect the outliers and for the determination of the upper limit of the calibration graph for the 100 cm 3 sample system. Saturated fractional factorial designs at two levels were used to evaluate the robustness of the proposed method. In the study of the performance characteristics, special attention was paid to the pres- Gr...

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Ion-exchanger colorimetry—I Micro determination of chromium, iron, copper and cobalt in water

Cited by 169 publications

References 11 publications

Determination of Trace Iron in the Boiler Water Used in Power Generation Plants by Solid-phase Spectrophotometry

Determination of Trace Iron in the Boiler Water Used in Power Generation Plants by Solid-phase Spectrophotometry

Sorption Preconcentration and Determination of Nickel in Wastes of Heat Power Industry by Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy

Determination of Zinc in Environmental Samples by Solid Phase Spectrophotometry: Optimization and Validation Study

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