Ion partitioning and ion size effects on streaming field and energy conversion efficiency in a soft nanochannel

Kundu, Dipankar; Bhattacharyya, S.; Gopmandal, Partha P.

doi:10.1007/s00396-022-05007-8

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The augment of efficiency can be an order increase compared to the ion-partitioning effects not being considered, with a maximum of ∼12% efficiency presented [169]. A recent study by Kundu et al draws similar conclusions that the streaming potential and energy conversion efficiency amplify when the ion partitioning effect becomes significant [170] in the case of high surface charge density or thick PEL [171].…”

Section: Classical Nanofluidics Ekecmentioning

confidence: 77%

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Energy harvesting from water streaming at charged surface

Xu,

Yan,

Xie

2023

Electrophoresis

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Water flowing at a charged surface may produce electricity, known as streaming current/potentials, which may be traced back to the 19th century. However, due to the low gained power and efficiencies, the energy conversion from streaming current was far from usable. The emergence of micro/nanofluidic technology and nanomaterials significantly increases the power (density) and energy conversion efficiency. In this review, we conclude the fundamentals and recent progress in electrical double layers at the charged surface. We estimate the generated power by hydrodynamic energy dissipation in multi‐scaling flows considering the viscous systems with slipping boundary and inertia systems. Then, we review the coupling of volume flow and current flow by the Onsager relation, as well as the figure of merits and efficiency. We summarize the state‐of‐the‐art of electrokinetic energy conversions, including critical performance metrics such as efficiencies, power densities, and generated voltages in various systems. We discuss the advantages and possible constraints by the figure of merits, including single‐phase flow and flying droplets.

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Section: Classical Nanofluidics Ekecmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…A recent study by Kundu et al. draws similar conclusions that the streaming potential and energy conversion efficiency amplify when the ion partitioning effect becomes significant [170] in the case of high surface charge density or thick PEL [171].…”

Section: Performance Of Energy Conversionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Energy harvesting from water streaming at charged surface

Xu,

Yan,

Xie

2023

Electrophoresis

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“…The boundary conditions associated with coupled eqs – are as follows: The electric potential is taken as ϕ(cis) = 0 and ϕ(trans) = V 0 . The ionic concentration at the ends of the reservoir is maintained at bulk values, c i = c 0 . The rigid surface of the membrane is ion-impenetrable with flux n · N i = 0 and uncharged − n ·∇ϕ = 0. The surface of the DNA nanoparticle has a convective flux of n · N i = n ·( u c i ) due to an ion-impenetrable surface and also has a constant surface charge density of − n ·∇ϕ = σ p /ε f = λ DNA /(2 πaε f ), where λ DNA = λ bare /β M is the effective line charge density with the bare line charge density of DNA, λ bare = 5.9 e nm –1 , and the Manning factor, β M = 4.2 A normal flow with p = 0 is applied at both ends of the compartment. The no-slip condition is assumed for both the surface of DNA and the membrane, giving u = U p e z , and u = 0, respectively, where U p is the electrophoretic velocity of the DNA obtained from balancing the z component of the electric force, F E , and the hydrodynamic force, F H . The electric potential, the electric field, and the flow field are continuous at the PEL–liquid interface. The ionic concentration at the PEL–liquid interface is discontinuous. − c P E L c f = exp ( − Δ W i k B T ) c PEL and c f are the ionic concentrations in PEL and the bulk fluid domain, respectively, k B is the Boltzmann constant, and Δ W i is the energy difference of the i th ionic species given as ,, normalΔ W i = false( z i e false) 2 8 π r i ( 1 ε P E L…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion–Solvent Interactions under Confinement Hold the Key to Tuning the DNA Translocation Speeds in Polyelectrolyte-Functionalized Nanopores

Kumar,

Bakli,

Chakraborty

2024

Langmuir

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DNA sequencing and sensing using nanopore technology delves critically into the alterations in the measurable electrical signal as single-stranded DNA is drawn through a tiny passage. To make such precise measurements, however, slowing down the DNA in the tightly confined passage is a key requirement, which may be achieved by grafting the nanopore walls with a polyelectrolyte layer (PEL). This soft functional layer at the wall, under an off-design condition, however, may block the DNA passage completely, leading to the complete loss of output signal from the nanobio sensor. Whereas theoretical postulates have previously been put forward to explain the essential physics of DNA translocation in nanopores, these have turned out to be somewhat inadequate when confronted with the experimental findings on functionalized nanopores, including the prediction of the events of complete signal losses. Circumventing these constraints, herein we bring out a possible decisive role of the interplay between the inevitable variabilities in the ionic distribution along the nanopore axis due to its finite length as opposed to its idealized "infinite" limit as well as the differential permittivity of PEL and bulk solution that cannot be captured by the commonly used one-dimensional variant of the electrical double layer theory. Our analysis, for the first time, captures variations in the ionic concentration distribution across multidimensional physical space and delineates its impact on the DNA translocation characteristics that have hitherto remained unaddressed. Our results reveal possible complete blockages of DNA translocation as influenced by less-than-threshold permittivity values or greater-than-threshold grafting densities of the PEL. In addition, electrohydrodynamic blocking is witnessed due to the ionselective nature of the nanopore at low ionic concentrations. Hence, our study establishes a functionally active regime over which the PEL layer in a finite-length nanopore facilitates controllable DNA translocation, enabling successful sequencing and sensing through the explicit modulation of translocation speed.

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“…Note that the gradual variation of monomers as well as charge distribution is controlled via decay length, which further recovers the uniform distribution of both of these quantities at the vanishing limit of decay length. Later, several researchers studied the electrophoresis of diffuse polymeric layer coated composite structured nanoparticles 81,82 as well as electrokinetic flow through nanopores where the walls are coated with a diffuse polymer layer, 83,84 considering the structural charge within a polymer layer as independent of bulk pH. Note that there is no available literature which deals with the electrophoresis of diffuse porous particles comprised of pH-regulated structural charge and considering the impact of the ion steric effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%