Ion Permeability of Phospholipid Bilayers

Häuser, H.; Phillips, Michael C.; Stubbs, M.

doi:10.1038/239342a0

Cited by 74 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore the permeability coefficient of Na + derived from efflux measurements agrees within the experimental error with that derived from influx measurements ( Table 1). The values for the Na § permeability coefficient are consistent with values published before [10,11] and in good agreement with values of Papahadjopoulos et al [20] who used mixtures of phosphatidylcholine containing small amounts of phosphatidic acid (4%) or stearylamine (2%). The Arrhenius plot for the Na § permeability P according to Eq.…”

Section: Single-bilayer Vesiclessupporting

confidence: 90%

Ion and sugar permeabilities of lecithin bilayers: Comparison of curved and planar bilayers

Brunner¹,

Graham²,

Häuser³

et al. 1980

J. Membrain Biol.

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Na+ and sugar permeabilities of egg lecithin bilayers were measured using curved bilayers and planar bilayers as represented by single-bilayer vesicles and black lipid films, respectively. The Na+ permeability coefficient measured with single-bilayer vesicles at 25 degrees C is (2.1 +/- 0.6) x 10(-13) cm sec-1. Because of technical difficulties it has been impossible to measure ionic permeabilities of values lower than about 10(-10) cm sec-1 in planar (black) lipid bilayers using tracer methods. The D-glucose and D-fructose permeabilities were measured with both curved and planar bilayers. The permeability coefficients measured with vesicles at 25 degrees C are (0.3 +/- 0.2) x 10(-10) cm sec-1 for glucose and (4 +/- 1) x 10(-10) cm sec-1 for D-fructose; these are in reasonable agreement with the corresponding values obtained for planar (black) lipid bilayers which are (1.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-10) cm sec-1 for D-fructose, respectively.

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Section: Single-bilayer Vesiclessupporting

confidence: 90%

Ion and sugar permeabilities of lecithin bilayers: Comparison of curved and planar bilayers

Brunner¹,

Graham²,

Häuser³

et al. 1980

J. Membrain Biol.

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“…Since Ogata's antigen preparatory system contained Mg++ in a low concentration, some of the micelles presented a hexagonal structure. As reported by Bangham and Horne [1], Papahadjopoulos and Miller [15] and Hauser et al [9], lecithin presented a regular lamellar structure of the onionskin-like shape. In our study, the micelle formed with lecithin alone had a lamellar structure in every field.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Electron Microscopic Observations of Lipid Antigens With Special Reference to the Wassermann Antigen

Kanemasa

1974

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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The Wassermann antigen is a lipid micelle, and the essential component of the hapten is cardiolipin. It requires the addition of lecithin and cholesterol as auxiliary lipids. We conducted a study on the role of auxiliary lipids in the formation of the micelle structure using negative staining and observing with the electron microscope. The following results were obtained:(1) Cardiolipin, when dispersed in Mg-NaCl solution, presented an irregular network structure.Lecithin, on the other hand, revealed a regular lamellar structure.Cholesterol, since it is nonpolar, immediately agglutinated and precipitated when suspended in the aqueous system. (2) A combination of cardiolipin and lecithin presented a regular lamellar structure, but no network structure of cardiolipin was observed in the visible field. The combination of cardiolipin and cholesterol revealed cardiolipin surrounding structureless cholesterol with its network structure.The combination of lecithin and cholesterol exhibited a lamellar structure surrounding the cholesterol. (3) A combination of all three revealed. a variegated picture of a lamellar structure formed by cardiolipin and lecithin surrounding the cholesterol as a core or of onionskin-like micelles attached to the above structure.

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“…[15][16][17][18] From these studies, low ion permeability of phospholipid bilayers, such as liposomes, is expected to result in highly unfavorable loading kinetics of charged ion species. Common practice is therefore to use ionophores to increase the trans-membrane ion diffusion rate, and thereby improve the loading kinetics of charged ions such as radionuclides into liposomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Loading of ⁶⁴Cu²⁺ into Liposomes without the Use of Ion Transport Enhancers

Henriksen

Petersen

Hansen

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Due to low ion permeability of lipid bilayers, it has been and still is common practice to use transporter molecules such as ionophores or lipophilic chelators to increase trans-membrane diffusion rates and loading efficiencies of radionuclides into liposomes. Here, we report a novel and very simple method for loading the positron emitter 64 Cu 2+ into liposomes, which is important for in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. By this approach, copper is added to liposomes entrapping a chelator, which causes spontaneous diffusion of copper across the lipid bilayer where it is trapped. Using this method, we achieve highly efficient 64 Cu 2+ loading, high radionuclide retention, and favorable loading kinetics, excluding use of transporter molecule additives. We investigate the molecular coordination of entrapped copper using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and demonstrate high adaptability of the loading method to different lipid formulations. We demonstrate high in vivo stability of 64 Cu-liposomes in a canine cancer model and evaluate tumor accumulation in mice using PET imaging. With this work, it is demonstrated that copper ions are capable of crossing a lipid membrane unassisted. This method is highly valuable for characterizing in vivo performance of liposome-based nanomedicine with great potential in diagnostic imaging applications.3

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Ion Permeability of Phospholipid Bilayers

Cited by 74 publications

References 15 publications

Ion and sugar permeabilities of lecithin bilayers: Comparison of curved and planar bilayers

Ion and sugar permeabilities of lecithin bilayers: Comparison of curved and planar bilayers

Electron Microscopic Observations of Lipid Antigens With Special Reference to the Wassermann Antigen

Remote Loading of ⁶⁴Cu²⁺ into Liposomes without the Use of Ion Transport Enhancers

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Ion Permeability of Phospholipid Bilayers

Cited by 74 publications

References 15 publications

Ion and sugar permeabilities of lecithin bilayers: Comparison of curved and planar bilayers

Ion and sugar permeabilities of lecithin bilayers: Comparison of curved and planar bilayers

Electron Microscopic Observations of Lipid Antigens With Special Reference to the Wassermann Antigen

Remote Loading of 64Cu2+ into Liposomes without the Use of Ion Transport Enhancers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Remote Loading of ⁶⁴Cu²⁺ into Liposomes without the Use of Ion Transport Enhancers