Ion Release from Casts of Commercially Pure Titanium in Mixed Solutions of Organic Acids Contained in Human Saliva

Hirayama, Teruhisa; Koike, Mari; Kurogi, Tadafumi; Shibata, Akiko; Nakamura, Shigeru; Terano, Motohiro; Yamabe, Yoshihisa; Murata, Hiroshi; Fujii, Hiroyuki

doi:10.2186/jjps.52.501

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this study, the results of the immersion tests demonstrated a remarkable decrease in the dissolution by adding Zr to Ti, indicating that a Ti‐Zr alloy would be inert and thus release extremely low levels of Ti ions into the human body. Although there have been very few reports addressing the toxicity of Ti ions to the human body, it would be better to minimize the dissolution of metal ions to reduce the risks related to allergic reactions . Thus, alloying Zr with Ti would be one method of reducing the corrosion risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of corrosion resistance of implant‐use Ti‐Zr binary alloys with a range of compositions

et al. 2016

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Although titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zr) alloy has been adopted for clinical applications, the ideal proportion of Zr in the alloy has not been identified. In this study, we investigated the biocompatibility of Ti-Zr alloy by evaluating its corrosion resistance to better understand whether there is an optimal range or value of Zr proportion in the alloy. We prepared pure Ti, Ti-30Zr, Ti-50Zr, Ti-70Zr, and pure Zr (mol% of Zr) samples and subjected them to anodic polarization and immersion tests in a lactic acid 1 sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and artificial saliva. We observed pitting corrosion in the Ti-70Zr and Zr after exposure to both solutions. After the immersion test, we found that pure Ti exhibited the greatest degree of dissolution in the lactic acid 1 NaCl solution, with the addition of Zr dramatically reducing Ti ion dissolution, with the reduction ultimately exceeding 90% in the case of the Ti-30Zr. Hence, although the localized corrosion resistance under severe conditions was compromised when the Zr content was more than 70%, metal ion release reduced owing to Zr addition and the corresponding formation of a stable passive layer. The results suggest that Ti-30Zr or a Zr proportion of less than 50% would offer an ideal level of corrosion resistance for clinical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there have been very few reports addressing the toxicity of Ti ions to the human body, 31,32 it would be better to minimize the dissolution of metal ions to reduce the risks related to allergic reactions. 33,34 Thus, alloying Zr with Ti would be one method of reducing the corrosion risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of corrosion resistance of implant‐use Ti‐Zr binary alloys with a range of compositions

et al. 2016

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“…Finally, corrosive milieu proteins (e.g. albumin, α‐globulin, transferrin, and fibrinogen) and amino acids have a strong affinity for metal ions, and, because these elements are capable of forming metallo‐organic complexes, they will increase the corrosion rate of Ti alloys significantly . The most obvious evidence of Ti release or corrosion is a dark, probably harmless, tissue discolouration that has been reported in both stable and failed implants, owing to oxide produced after surface wear (Fig.…”

Section: Release Of Ti Ions From Metal Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium: a review on exposure, release, penetration, allergy, epidemiology, and clinical reactivity

et al. 2016

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SummaryExposure to titanium (Ti) from implants and from personal care products as nanoparticles (NPs) is common. This article reviews exposure sources, ion release, skin penetration, allergenic effects, and diagnostic possibilities. We conclude that human exposure to Ti mainly derives from dental and medical implants, personal care products, and foods. Despite being considered to be highly biocompatible relative to other metals, Ti is released in the presence of biological fluids and tissue, especially under certain circumstances, which seem to be more likely with regard to dental implants. Although most of the studies reviewed have important limitations, Ti seems not to penetrate a competent skin barrier, either as pure Ti, alloy, or as Ti oxide NPs. However, there are some indications of Ti penetration through the oral mucosa. We conclude that patch testing with the available Ti preparations for detection of type IV hypersensitivity is currently inadequate for Ti. Although several other methods for contact allergy detection have been suggested, including lymphocyte stimulation tests, none has yet been generally accepted, and the diagnosis of Ti allergy is therefore still based primarily on clinical evaluation. Reports on clinical allergy and adverse events have rarely been published. Whether this is because of unawareness of possible adverse reactions to this specific metal, difficulties in detection methods, or the metal actually being relatively safe to use, is still unresolved.Key words: contact allergy; corrosion; dermatitis; hypersensitivity; lymphocyte transformation test; patch test; penetration; release; titanium; toxicity. Titanium (Ti) is a non-essential metallic element with the atomic number 22 and a silvery colour. It is the ninth most abundant element in the earth's crust and the seventh most abundant metal overall (1). Major deposits of Ti minerals are found in Australia, Canada, India, Norway, South Africa, Ukraine, and the United States. The +4 oxidation state dominates Ti chemistry, but compounds in the +3 oxidation state are also common. TheCorrespondence: Jacob P. Thyssen, National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospital HerlevGentofte, University of Copenhagen, Kildegaardsvej, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark. Tel: +45 3977 7307; Fax: +45 3977 7118. E-mail: jacob.p. thyssen@regionh.dk Accepted for publication 8 February 2016most important oxide is Ti dioxide (TiO 2 ), which exists in three different crystalline forms -anatase, brookite, and rutile -in addition to an amorphous phase (2, 3). Both the anatase, rutile and brookite mineral forms of TiO 2 occur naturally.TiO 2 is widely applied as microparticles and nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer goods, including cosmetics and foods, to obtain a white colour and ultraviolet light protection (4). Moreover, Ti is combined with a variety of other elements to produce strong lightweight alloys that provide resistance against corrosion and show a very high strength/density ratio (5). Because of this and the...

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“…At present, plate dentures composed of a cobaltchromium alloy and zirconia framework for the palate are increasingly being used for improving the strength and compatibility of plate dentures. [13][14][15][16] Because of problems, such as allergy to cobalt-chromium alloy and titanium, [16][17][18][19][20] plate dentures with a zirconia framework for the palate are gaining attention. However, it is difficult to adjust these types of dentures by cutting after fabrication; therefore, during palate plate fabrication, it is important to identify the appropriate site that requires relief as well as the degree of relief that is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Relief at the Median Palatal Plate on Denture-supporting Ability

Naoya¹

2017

International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

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Aim: A new maxillary palatal plate-form device that simultaneously measures clenching force and subsidence of the palatal mucosa at the onset of jaw clenching pain was developed to ascertain the effect of median palatal plate relief on denturebearing ability. Materials and methods: In 15 dentulous subjects, pseudopalatal plates were affixed to the palatal mucosa; anterior splints were affixed as maxillary references for measuring subsidence upon transmission of the clenching force through a pressurizing splint affixed to the mandible. The relief at the median palatal plate was categorized as: No-relief, 0.23 mm relief, and 0.46 mm relief. Subjects clenched their jaws until they experienced pain. The clenching force and subsidence of the palatal mucosa were simultaneously measured and compared across relief categories, and their relationship to the extent of relief at the onset of pain was evaluated. Results: At the onset of pain, both clenching force and subsidence of the palatal mucosa in the relief conditions were significantly greater than those in the no-relief condition (p < 0.05). In some patients, both clenching force and subsidence of the palatal mucosa decreased with increase in relief. Conclusion: Relief at the median palatal plate effectively increases the bearing ability of the palatal part. However, the range and extent of relief might vary, depending on oral conditions. Clinical significance: Using this approach, the relief area of maxillary full dentures suitable for individual patients was determined in an objective and convenient manner and the accuracy of denture treatments was improved. This could improve the quality of life of patients wearing dentures.

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Ion Release from Casts of Commercially Pure Titanium in Mixed Solutions of Organic Acids Contained in Human Saliva

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of corrosion resistance of implant‐use Ti‐Zr binary alloys with a range of compositions

Evaluation of corrosion resistance of implant‐use Ti‐Zr binary alloys with a range of compositions

Titanium: a review on exposure, release, penetration, allergy, epidemiology, and clinical reactivity

Effect of Relief at the Median Palatal Plate on Denture-supporting Ability

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