Ion transport and electrochemical stability of strongly basic anion-exchange membranes under high current electrodialysis conditions

Zabolotsky, V. I.; But, A. Yu.; Васильева, В. И.; Акберова, Э. М.; Melnikov, Stanislav

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2016.12.028

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Experimental observations [212,[220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228][229] as well as theoretical evidences [216,230,231] show the dominant role of electroconvection in salt counterion overlimiting transfer in dilute solutions. Vortices, which appear under the action of electric field on the space charge, can increase the useful transfer of salt counterions in several times by mixing depleted solution [217,230,232,233].…”

Section: Current-induced Concentration Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Hence, the comparison of the experimental and theoretical i lim can give some ideas, for example about the intensity of electroconvection [217]. The role of the Lévêque equations for the slot cells with laminar flow is similar to the Levich equation obtained for the rotating disk electrode [271] or rotating membrane disc [225,272,273].…”

Section: Concentration Distribution and Diffusion Layer Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling of Ion Transport in Electromembrane Systems: Impacts of Membrane Bulk and Surface Heterogeneity

et al. 2018

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Artificial charged membranes, similar to the biological membranes, are self-assembled nanostructured materials constructed from macromolecules. The mutual interactions of parts of macromolecules leads to phase separation and appearance of microheterogeneities within the membrane bulk. On the other hand, these interactions also cause spontaneous microheterogeneity on the membrane surface, to which macroheterogeneous structures can be added at the stage of membrane fabrication. Membrane bulk and surface heterogeneity affect essentially the properties and membrane performance in the applications in the field of separation (water desalination, salt concentration, food processing and other), energy production (fuel cells, reverse electrodialysis), chlorine-alkaline electrolysis, medicine and other. We review the models describing ion transport in ion-exchange membranes and electromembrane systems with an emphasis on the role of micro-and macroheterogeneities in and on the membranes. Irreversible thermodynamics approach, "solution-diffusion" and "pore-flow" models, the multiphase models built within the effective-medium approach are examined as the tools for describing ion transport in the membranes. 2D and 3D models involving or not convective transport in electrodialysis cells are presented and analysed. Some examples are given when specially designed surface heterogeneity on the membrane surface results in enhancement of ion transport in intensive current electrodialysis.Recently, Svoboda et al. [13] developed a specific scanning cell for the analysis of heterogeneous IEM structure by micro-computed tomography, which provides volume reconstruction of the studied material. The unique working principle of the cell allows one to scan membranes not only in their dry state but also in fully swollen state. The micro-computed tomography showed that there are profound changes in the structure of the IEM associated with their transition from the dry state into the swollen one. This study applied to the heterogeneous cation-exchange membrane (CEM) coming from Mega a.s., Czech Republic showed that swelling of the membrane is caused by the swelling of the ion-exchange resin. Its volume increased nearly three times after exposure to deionized water, while the overall membrane volume increased by 50%. If the membrane contained approximately 28%vol. of the resin in the dry state, this content increased to 52%vol. after swelling.Micro-computed tomography not only allows one to analyse volumetric composition of the membrane bulk but also to quantify the composition of the surface. By using two different methods, Vobecka et al. [14] evaluated the fraction of the conductive area (e.g., the ion-exchange resin) on the surface of an AEM and CEM in the swollen state. The obtained results showed that the volume fraction of the conductive domains does not correspond to the surface fraction of these domains and thus the volume composition is not reflected on their surface. For example, the volume fraction of the conductive domains for the st...

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Section: Current-induced Concentration Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Concentration Distribution and Diffusion Layer Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Ion Transport in Electromembrane Systems: Impacts of Membrane Bulk and Surface Heterogeneity

et al. 2018

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“…Hence, care must be taken in the operation of ED with heterogeneous membranes at over-limiting current regimes for water with a high fouling propensity. Studying the over-limiting current operation of ED for various feed waters [ 269 , 270 ], investigating the effects on transport mechanisms [ 271 , 272 ], and identifying approaches to modify membrane characteristics [ 273 , 274 ] are ongoing research directions.…”

Section: Electrodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers of Membrane Desalination Processes for Brackish Water Treatment: A Review

et al. 2021

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Climate change, population growth, and increased industrial activities are exacerbating freshwater scarcity and leading to increased interest in desalination of saline water. Brackish water is an attractive alternative to freshwater due to its low salinity and widespread availability in many water-scarce areas. However, partial or total desalination of brackish water is essential to reach the water quality requirements for a variety of applications. Selection of appropriate technology requires knowledge and understanding of the operational principles, capabilities, and limitations of the available desalination processes. Proper combination of feedwater technology improves the energy efficiency of desalination. In this article, we focus on pressure-driven and electro-driven membrane desalination processes. We review the principles, as well as challenges and recent improvements for reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), electrodialysis (ED), and membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). RO is the dominant membrane process for large-scale desalination of brackish water with higher salinity, while ED and MCDI are energy-efficient for lower salinity ranges. Selective removal of multivalent components makes NF an excellent option for water softening. Brackish water desalination with membrane processes faces a series of challenges. Membrane fouling and scaling are the common issues associated with these processes, resulting in a reduction in their water recovery and energy efficiency. To overcome such adverse effects, many efforts have been dedicated toward development of pre-treatment steps, surface modification of membranes, use of anti-scalant, and modification of operational conditions. However, the effectiveness of these approaches depends on the fouling propensity of the feed water. In addition to the fouling and scaling, each process may face other challenges depending on their state of development and maturity. This review provides recent advances in the material, architecture, and operation of these processes that can assist in the selection and design of technologies for particular applications. The active research directions to improve the performance of these processes are also identified. The review shows that technologies that are tunable and particularly efficient for partial desalination such as ED and MCDI are increasingly competitive with traditional RO processes. Development of cost-effective ion exchange membranes with high chemical and mechanical stability can further improve the economy of desalination with electro-membrane processes and advance their future applications.

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“…In the same work, after six consecutive fractionations, a more debilitating AEM as resulted by electrochemical degradation (showed by increase in roughness) was detected since its diluted side generated a great amount of OHions. This phenomenon also turned up while EDUF operated at high current densities, provoking extreme basic solution in favor of alkaline hydrolysis, thermal degradation, and electrochemical deterioration [103]. Although generally H + and OHions are developed by water splitting, the emergence of concentration polarization would expedite the process of coming across "limiting current density" on diluted side of ion-exchange membrane [104].…”

Section: Electroultrafiltration (Euf) and Electrodialysis With Uf Memmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements of UF-Based Separation for Selective Enrichment of Proteins and Bioactive Peptides—A Review

et al. 2021

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Proteins are one of the primary building blocks that have significant functional properties to be applied in food and pharmaceutical industries. Proteins could be beneficial in their concentrated products or isolates, of which membrane-based filtration methods such as ultrafiltration (UF) encompass application in broad spectra of protein sources. More importantly, selective enrichment by UF is of immense interest due to the presence of antinutrients that may dominate their perspicuous bioactivities. UF process is primarily obstructed by concentration polarization and fouling; in turn, a trade-off between productivity and selectivity emerges, especially when pure isolates are an ultimate goal. Several factors such as operating conditions and membrane equipment could leverage those pervasive contributions; therefore, UF protocols should be optimized for each unique protein mixture and mode of configuration. For instance, employing charged UF membranes or combining UF membranes with electrodialysis enables efficient separation of proteins with a similar molecular weight, which is hard to achieve by the conventional UF membrane. Meanwhile, some proposed strategies, such as utilizing ultrasonic waves, tuning operating conditions, and modifying membrane surfaces, can effectively mitigate fouling issues. A plethora of advancements in UF, from their membrane material modification to the arrangement of new configurations, contribute to the quest to actualize promising potentials of protein separation by UF, and they are reviewed in this paper.

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Ion transport and electrochemical stability of strongly basic anion-exchange membranes under high current electrodialysis conditions

Cited by 53 publications

References 48 publications

Modelling of Ion Transport in Electromembrane Systems: Impacts of Membrane Bulk and Surface Heterogeneity

Modelling of Ion Transport in Electromembrane Systems: Impacts of Membrane Bulk and Surface Heterogeneity

Frontiers of Membrane Desalination Processes for Brackish Water Treatment: A Review

Recent Advancements of UF-Based Separation for Selective Enrichment of Proteins and Bioactive Peptides—A Review

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