Ionic Balance and Growth of Carnations

Green, James L.; Cole, C. V.; Holley, Winfred D.

doi:10.1097/00010694-197102000-00011

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…High concentrations of NH 4 + may be toxic to plants, while NO 3 " easily leaches from some soils and becomes a source of ground water contamination. Many greenhouse growers limit the use of NH 4 + to 20% or less of the total N to avoid potential NH 4 + toxicity (Green et al, 1971). Proper management of plant N fertilization, especially the optimization of NH 4 + :NO 3 " ratios to reduce NO 3 " use without causing growth reduction, is needed for greenhouse production of floral crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ammonium, nitrate, and chloride on solution pH and ion uptake by ageratum and salvia in hydroponic culture

Jeong

Lee²

1996

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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The influence of nitrogen (N) forms and chloride (Cl) on solution pH and ion uptake in the hydroponic culture of Ageratum houstonianum [ammonium (NH 4 + )-tolerant] and Salvia splendens (NH 4 + -sensitive) for a period of 216 hours was investigated. The pH of the hydroponic solution (initially 6.50) containing either NH 4 + or NH 4 + +nitrate (NO 3 -) was drastically lowered (3.08), whereas that of the same solution containing NO 3 -was raised (7.74). Solution pH changed more by ageratum than by salvia. The solution Cl -concentration did not influence pH significantly. However, addition of Cl -in the solution lowered transpiration rate in both NH 4 + and NO 3 -treatments. Total N uptake was the greatest in the NH 4 + + NO 3 -treatment and the lowest in the NO 3 -treatment. In the NH 4 + + NO 3 -treatment, NO 3 -uptake was suppressed by NH 4 + (to about 50%), while NH 4 + uptake was not affected by NO 3 -. The rate of Cl uptake was the lowest in the NH 4 + treatment, but was similar in the NH 4 + +NCy and NCy treatments. Uptake of potassium (K + ), dihydrogen 1344 JEONGANDLEE phosphate (H 2 PO 4 -), sulfate (SO 4 -2), manganese (Mn +2 ), and zinc (Zn +2 ) was significantly enhanced in the NH 4 + treatment. The uptake rate of calcium (Ca +2 ) and magnesium (Mg +2 ) was the highest in the NO 3 -treatment. Absorption of copper (Cu +2 ) and boron (B) was not affected by N source. Ion uptake was more stable in the solution containing both NH 4 + and NO 3 -than in the solution containing either NH 4 + or NO 3 -. The uptake rate of total N, NH 4 + , NO 3 -, Mn +2 , Cu +2 , and Zn +2 was higher, whereas that of Cl -and molybdenum (Mo) was lower in ageratum than in salvia. Amounts of total anion (TA) and total cation (TC) absorbed, the sum of TC and TA, and the difference between TC and TA (TC-TA) were affected by N source, Cl -level, and their interactions. The NO 3 treatment, as compared to the NH 4 + or the NH 4 + + NO 3 -treatment, reduced total cation and anion uptake while increasing TC-TA, especially in the absence of Cl". Plant tissue ion contents were also affected by N source and Cl" level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ammonium, nitrate, and chloride on solution pH and ion uptake by ageratum and salvia in hydroponic culture

Jeong

Lee²

1996

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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“…Treatment. Treatments consisted of solutions with different osmotic concentrations, all based upon a standard derived from previous work (10,14,15,22,23) with the carnation. Table I compares the treatments with Hoagland's No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Potentials in Nonwilted Dianthus Grown in Different Nutrient Solution Concentrations¹

Schekel¹,

Hanan

1972

Agronomy Journal

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Experiments were undertaken to determine if Dianthus caryophyllus L. adjusted its internal osmotic potential downward with decreasing solution potential and the concomitant effects on water and turgor potentials. Plants were grown in a gravel substrate, irrigated two to four times daily with solutions of varying potentials, and measurements were made from before sunrise to noon or shortly thereafter on clear days. Plant osmotic potentials adjusted to increase the potential gradient between solution and plant with decreasing solution potential. There were no observable differences between treatments with respect to stomatal aperture or leaf diffusion resistance. The xylem hydrostatic pressure decreased to a greater extent in plants grown in —1.0 bar solutions than in those grow in −0.3 bar solutions as atmospheric evaporative demand increased. Polynomial regressions of potential on evaporative demand had calculated correlations exceeding 0.90. Differentiation to determine the rate of hydrostatic potential change with change in evaporative demand showed the rate to be highest at low evaporative demands in plants grown in −1.0 bar solutions, gradually decreasing to 0 at high vapor pressure differences near 16 mm Hg. Carnations in −0.3 bar solutions had rates approaching O at low and high atmospheric demands, with a definite maximum near 9 to 10 mm Hg. The differences between hydrostatic potential and plant osmotic potential, ignoring matric and xylem potentials, showed carnations in −1.0 bar solutions to have consistently lower turgor potentials than plants grown in less concentrated solutions.

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Relationship between grain yield and the nitrogen and excess base contents of young barley plants

Crooke¹

1977

J Sci Food Agric

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The usefulness of the organic anion level, measured as excess base (EB), and of the nitrogen content of young barley plants as indices of ultimate grain and dry-matter yields has been examined with several barley cultivars during two seasons at three field sites. One site was unresponsive and the results accordingly showed no relationship between plant N or EB and grain yield in either year. At the other two sites, correlation coefficients of 0.6-0.7 for both N and EB were obtained, indicating that neither was particularly good as a single index of final grain yield. In another experiment where sequential age samples of young plants were taken, much higher correlation coefficients of 0.8-0.9 were obtained. Here EB gave high coefficients at a rather earlier growth stage than did N content. This could be an advantage in any overall scheme, based on soil and plant analyses, for maximising cereal yields by predicting and adjusting N fertiliser requirements.

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Ionic Balance and Growth of Carnations

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Influence of ammonium, nitrate, and chloride on solution pH and ion uptake by ageratum and salvia in hydroponic culture

Influence of ammonium, nitrate, and chloride on solution pH and ion uptake by ageratum and salvia in hydroponic culture

Water Potentials in Nonwilted Dianthus Grown in Different Nutrient Solution Concentrations¹

Relationship between grain yield and the nitrogen and excess base contents of young barley plants

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Ionic Balance and Growth of Carnations

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Influence of ammonium, nitrate, and chloride on solution pH and ion uptake by ageratum and salvia in hydroponic culture

Influence of ammonium, nitrate, and chloride on solution pH and ion uptake by ageratum and salvia in hydroponic culture

Water Potentials in Nonwilted Dianthus Grown in Different Nutrient Solution Concentrations1

Relationship between grain yield and the nitrogen and excess base contents of young barley plants

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Water Potentials in Nonwilted Dianthus Grown in Different Nutrient Solution Concentrations¹