Ionic conductive and stretchable interpenetrating hydrogels prepared with homogenously synthesized acrylamide-modified agar and polyacrylamide for strain sensing

Cold-resistant, highly stretchable ionic conductive hydrogels for intelligent motion recognition in winter sports

“…The slight upward drift of the DR/R 0 baseline was mainly due to the permanent fatigue hysteresis of the hydrogel during repeated stretch-unload cycles, which is a common phenomenon for the other hydrogel strain sensors. [78][79][80] It is worth mentioning that since the PC 1 PAV 20 hydrogel possesses excellent anti-freezing properties, the strain sensor assembled from it can still output stable electrical signals at À20 1C after freezing for 12 and 24 h (Fig. 7i).…”

GelMA/κ-carrageenan double-network hydrogels with superior mechanics and biocompatibility

“…When the material is unloaded, the physical bonds enable the hydrogels to reorganize and reconstruct, leading to the recovery of DN hydrogels. Many physically–chemically crosslinked DN hydrogels have been fabricated, such as agar/polyacrylamide, 21 alginate/polyacrylamide 22 and agar/polyvinyl alcohol 23 hydrogels, showing that GelMA/KC hydrogel designed by us has excellent potential for future research. From this study, we still cannot identify the trend of mechanical properties of the hybrid DN hydrogels with GelMA or KC concentration changing.…”

Toughening Hydrogels with Fibrillar Connected Double Networks

“…The network design of fc-DN is shown in Figures 1a and S1b, Supporting Information, which is distinct from conventional fibrillar DN (f-DN) [23,45] or connected DN (c-DN). [47] The fc-DN most notably consists of a fibrillar first network and an elastic second polymeric network, which are chemically linked together via covalent bonds.…”

“…[ 44 ] IPN hydrogels based on acrylamide‐modified agar, oxidized alginate, and polyacrylamide (PAAm) have been synthesized with high stretchability and ionic conductivity. [ 45 ] Despite the great progress in designing tough IPN and DN hydrogels, the weak interactions between the two networks via hydrogen bonds, polymer entanglements, etc., is a limiting factor for the stress transfer from one network to another and thus the toughening behavior.…”