Ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of bulk SPP-PEG hydrogels as Na⁺ion-based SPE materials for energy storage applications

Abstract

Green SPP-PEG hydrogel material, containing Na+ ions, has been synthesized by green chemistry methodology using sodium polyphosphate and polyethylene glycol in water. Hydrogel has amorphous morphology and sandwiched matrix with...

Development of Na+ ion conducting solid biopolymer electrolyte based on Na-CMC-SPA hydrogel for energy storage devices

“…Where l and A represent thickness and cross section area of polymer electrolyte lm [22]. The Nyquist plot shows the bulk conductivity of SBPE lm in order of 2.0x10 − 6 at 20 o C, which increases on increasing temperature reaches to 5.6x10 − 4 at 80 o C con rming the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolyte material.…”

Sodium‐Ion‐Conducting Hydrogel Material: Synthesis, Characterization and Conductivity Studies

“…The ionic diffusivity coefficient (D) is a very important parameter that measures the efficacy of rapid diffusion of ions inside the polymer matrix under the influence of an external electric field. Ionic diffusivity is calculated using the equation ( 11): [50] D ¼ 2 f max l 2 =32 ðtan d max Þ 3 (11) Moreover, the following equation (12) shows the dependency of the ionic mobility (μ) inside the polymer matrix on the total number density of carrier ions: m ¼ s dc= Nq (12) Figure 4(C) & (F) represent the plot of ionic mobility and drift ionic velocity (V d ) respectively. The ionic mobility (μ) is related to the ionic conductivity and concentration of ions by the Nernst-Einstein [51][52][53] equation ( 13):…”

“…These organic materials trap the water molecule via hydrogen bonding and non‐covalent interactions and retain the water molecule at higher temperatures. It is also reported that trapped water molecules in hydrogel for water in salt electrolytes are stable up to 140–150 °C [12] The blend hydrogel based on two or more polymers has flourishing interest these days. Blend‐hydrogel based on the compatibilization of carbohydrate and conducting compounds has a reckoning interest in the field of modern polymer technology due to the associated environmental benign and biodegradability of these materials [13,14] .…”

Exploiting CMC@Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a multi-functional component for hydrogel fabrication

“…When the sensor was applied on finger joint and connected to an LCR digital bridge, the finger motions can be monitored as a function of resistance change (figure 4(g)). Since ion transfer speed is usually affected by the temperature [37], coupled with gel matrix relaxation [38], we here hypothesize that the resistance of the sensor would change under the NIR irradiation, thus functioned as a NIR light sensor. As expected, the resistance of the sensor showed a temperature dependence (figure 4(h)), where the elevated temperature was caused by the NIR irradiation (figure 4(e)).…”