Ionic conductivity of potassium chloride

Acuña, L.A.; Jacobs, P. W. M.

doi:10.1016/0022-3697(80)90010-4

Cited by 39 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…l), in marked contrast to KC1 (8,9,32). Finally, if we calculate from our parameters the Arrhenius energy expected for single av diffusion, we find ih, + Ah,, = 1.95 eV, in good agreement with the singlevacancy value of 1.92 eV derived by Barr, Morrison, and Schroeder (24).…”

Section: Vacancy Migration Parameterssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…KCl, ref. 8) so that we conclude that in NaCl:S2-av and s2-ions are strongly associated, as was also true for ~0~~-ions in KC1 (8,9). Figure 5 shows the conductivity plots for pure NaCl and ~a C 1 : s~-containing 60 ppm of the divalent impurity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…transport process. ~~d~~d , since even nominally pure alkali In their analysis of conductivity and diffusion data for KCl, halide crystals invariably contain divalent cation impurities, a Acuiia and (8,9, were determine a set of rough upper bound to the cation vacancy migration energy can defect parameters that fitted consistently eight different sets be obtained from measurements of the ionic conductivity, u, of transport measurements, namely the conductivity of pure, by plotting the data in the Arrhenius form, log uT against -I Sr2+-doped and doped doped KCl; cation diffusion in pure KC1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B C~~&~~, BCni&re, conductivity measurements the energy and entropy for anion and c h e d a (6) found the maximum solubility of ~0~2 -in vacancy migration. This had not proved to be practicable from to be only 36.4 ppm but even so so42--doped crystals were measurements on NaCl and Nac1:sr2+ alone (14) and our employed in detailed studies ofKCl both by themselves (7) and intention therefore was to utilize measurements on N~CI:S'-by Acuiia and Jacobs (8,9). Unfortunately, the solubility of so4'-in NaCl is less than 2 ppm so similar procedures are not…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic conductivity of pure and doped sodium chloride crystals

Hooton¹,

Jacobs²

1988

Can. J. Chem.

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. Can. J. Chem. 66, 830 (1988). New measurements are reported for the ionic conductivity of well-annealed crystals of pure NaCI, NaCl doped with Sr2+ ions, and NaCl doped with S2-ions. Analysis of these data leads to the conclusions (i) that the Schottky defect model is entirely adequate for NaCl (in contrast to KCl); and (ii) that the activation energy for the migration of anion vacancies is 0.74 eV. This last result is in agreement with values derived from the analysis of conductivity and diffusion data for pure NaCl and NaCl doped with Sr2+, and with theoretically-calculated values, but at variance with results from recent measurements on quenched sulphide-doped crystals. 830 (1988). On a effectue de nouvelles mesures de conductivitC ionique de cristaux bien recuits de NaCl pur, de NaCl dope avec des ions sr2+ et de NaCl dopk avec des ions S2-. Une analyse de ces donnCes permet de conclure (i) que le modkle de dCfaut de Schottky est entitrement satisfaisant pour le NaCl (et ceci est en opposition avec ce qui est observe avec le KCI) et (ii) que 1'Cnergie d'activation pour la migration des lacunes des anions est de 0,74 eV. Ce dernier resultat est un bon accord avec les valeurs qu'on peut obtenir i partir d'une analyse des donntes de conductivitk et de diffusion du NaCl pur et du NaCl dope par du ~r ' + ainsi qu'avec les valeurs calculCes sur une base theorique; toutefois, elles different des resultats qui derivent de mesures rkcentes effectutes sur des cristaux trempes, dopes au sulfure.[Traduit par la revue]

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Section: Vacancy Migration Parameterssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ionic conductivity of pure and doped sodium chloride crystals

Hooton¹,

Jacobs²

1988

Can. J. Chem.

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“…The conductivity vs 10 3 /T plots of pure KCl and gadolinium doped KCl crystals are shown in figure 1. The conductivity mechanism of pure crystals was discussed earlier by various investigators (Nadler and Rossel 1973;Buniya 1977;Acuna and Jacobs 1980;Saibabu 1995).…”

Section: Effect Of Impurity Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Study of effect of quenching and deformation on KCl: Gd3+ crystals by using conductivity measurements

2004

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The study of ionic conductivity vs reciprocal temperature of pure KCl and KCl crystal doped with 0⋅ ⋅1, 0⋅ ⋅3 and 0⋅ ⋅5 mole% gadolinium has been carried out in as grown, quenched from elevated temperatures (100, 350 and 500°C) and annealed at various timings i.e. 2-3 h and deformed by different percentages. The plots exhibit three well-known regions, II, III and IV (extrinsic regions). The intrinsic region I was not observed in the plots as the conductivity measurements were taken up to 575°C. From the analysis of these plots, activation energies for the migration of cation vacancy and the association of gadolinium ion with cation vacancy in the lattice of KCl crystals are calculated. These values are compared with previously reported values. Further, an attempt is made to explain the existence of oxidation state of gadolinium ion in + 3 state rather than in + 2 state as reported earlier. The variation in conductivity with effect of concentration of impurity ion, quenching and annealing and deformation with various percentages are explained on the basis of formation of impurity vacancy dipoles, vacancy-vacancy pairs (which appear in the form of precipitation), storage of cation vacancies in the form of defects, introduction of fresh dislocations, etc.

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Formation Entropy of Schottky Defects and Free Formation Enthalpy of Vacancy Pairs in Alkali Halide Crystals

Bollmann

1982

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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The melting of alkali halides occum probably a t a critical mole fraction zo = 3.2 of thermally created vacancies (Schottky defects). Using this value the formation entropy of Schottky defects is found to be(A, T, heat and temperature of fusion, respectively).As to the free association enthalpy g A = h~ -T S A of (impurity-vacancy) complexes it is Using this relation the concentration vacancy pairs is found to be smaller than that of isolated vacancies up to the melting point. Formation entropy of Schottky defectsThe formation enthalpy h, of Schotbky defects is related to the heat L of fusion of alkali halides AB :

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Ionic conductivity of potassium chloride

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Ionic conductivity of pure and doped sodium chloride crystals

Ionic conductivity of pure and doped sodium chloride crystals

Study of effect of quenching and deformation on KCl: Gd3+ crystals by using conductivity measurements

Formation Entropy of Schottky Defects and Free Formation Enthalpy of Vacancy Pairs in Alkali Halide Crystals

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