Ionic Liquid/Metal–Organic Framework Composites: From Synthesis to Applications

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely studied for different applications owing to their fascinating properties such as large surface areas, high porosities, tunable pore sizes, and acceptable thermal and chemical stabilities. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been recently incorporated into the pores of MOFs as cavity occupants to change the physicochemical properties and gas affinities of MOFs. Several recent studies have shown that IL/MOF composites show superior performances compared with pristine MOFs in various fields, such as gas storage, adsorption and membrane-based gas separation, catalysis, and ionic conductivity. In this review, we address the recent advances in syntheses of IL/MOF composites and provide a comprehensive overview of their applications. Opportunities and challenges of using IL/MOF composites in many applications are reviewed and the requirements for the utilization of these composite materials in real industrial processes are discussed to define the future directions in this field.

Nanostructured Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)‐Derived Solid Electrolytes Realizing Fast Lithium Ion Transportation Kinetics in Solid‐State Batteries

“…Uio‐66 MOFs, consisted of Zr 6 O 4 (OH) 4 clusters and BDC linkers, is a nanoporous material with a face‐centered cubic (fcc) lattice structure ( Figure and Figure S1, Supporting Information), in which there are 1.2 nm octahedral and 0.75 nm tetrahedral cages . The specific surface area of nanostructured Uio‐66 reaches about 1401 m 2 g −1 (Figure S1b, Supporting Information).…”

“…Uio-66 MOFs, consisted of Zr 6 O 4 (OH) 4 clusters and BDC linkers, is a nanoporous material with a face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice structure (Figure 1 and Figure S1, Supporting Information), in which there are 1.2 nm octahedral and 0.75 nm tetrahedral cages. [17] The specific surface area of nanostructured Uio-66 reaches about 1401 m 2 g −1 (Figure S1b, Supporting Information). After absorbing lithium containing compounds or hybrids, lithium ion conduction is created in Uio-66 MOF-derived solid conductors [13][14][15][16][17] ; here we produce SEs (UIO/Li-IL) by absorbing Li-IL in nanostructured Uio-66, as illustrated in Figure 1.…”

Ionic‐Liquid‐Functionalized UiO‐66 Framework: An Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Cycloaddition of CO2 and Epoxides

“…[26,27] Over the past decades, many supported IL-phase( SILP) heterogeneousc atalysts with silicag els, SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 ,a ctivated carbon,T iO 2 ,a nd mesoporous silica as porous support materials have been reported for various catalytic reactions. [42][43][44][45][46] However, the synthesis of IL-immobilized metalorganic heterogeneous catalysts that efficientlyc atalyze cycloaddition reactions without ac ocatalystu nder mild conditions of temperature and CO 2 pressure remains challenging. Therefore, several approaches have been established for the synthesis of efficient IL-based poroush eterogeneousc atalysts.…”

“…[41][42][43][44][45][46] Herein,w er eport the fabrication of two new IL-tethered Zr-based UiO-66-NH 2 heterogeneous catalysts by ap ostimpregnation methodw herein the ILs are incorporated into MOFs after their preparation.T he resulting heterogeneous catalysts werea pplied in the cycloaddition of epoxides and CO 2 . Thus far,I Ls have been incorporated in MOFs by ionothermal synthesis, wet impregnation, capillary action, post-impregnation, ship-in-bottle and bottlearound-ship methods, direct ligand functionalization, and so forth.…”

Encapsulation of a Porous Organic Cage into the Pores of a Metal–Organic Framework for Enhanced CO2 Separation

“…Thehighly ordered lattice and tunable pore sizes of MOFs have been used to accommodate polyoxometalates, [17] metal complexes, [18] metal-organic polyhedra, [19] metal nanoparticles, [20] and ionic liquids [21] as functional guests.T hese MOFbased host-guest composites have been obtained by various methods including incipient-wetness impregnation. [22] However,t ot he best of our knowledge,t here is no report on fabricating functional porous hybrids by encapsulating aPOC in the pores of aMOF.Wedemonstrate here that POC@MOF is anew "host-in-host" system with enhanced performance in CO 2 adsorption and CO 2 /N 2 ,CO 2 /CH 4 separation up to 1bar, ap roof of principle for the impetus to develop further POC@MOF materials.…”