Ionic liquid supported three-phase liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction as a sample preparation technique for aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Application of Three-phase Hollow Fiber LPME using an Ionic Liquid as Supported Phase for Preconcentration of Malachite Green from Water Samples with HPLC Detection

“…This result is consistent with Guo and Lee's experiment which selected [BMIM] [PF 6 ] from six kinds of ILs as supported phase and developed three-phase liquid-liquid-liquid solvent bar microextraction for the analysis of phenolic acids substances in seawater samples. 23 Compared to other ionic liquids studied here, the more hydrophobic of [BMIM] [PF 6 ], as well as its insolubility in the aqueous solution, should contribute to its better extraction efficiency, 24 or borne out by its better performance. So [BMIM] [PF 6 ] was chosen as suitable extraction solvent in the following study.…”

Selective extraction of emerging contaminants from water samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using functionalized ionic liquids

“…ILs have many unique properties including wide viscosity ranges, almost no measurable vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and a multitude of varying solvation interactions. These paramount properties make them useful in various sample preparation techniques including LLE [23,24], SPME [25][26][27], HF-LPME [28,29], SDME [30,31], and DLLME [32][33][34][35][36][37]. The selectivity and sensitivity of IL-based microextraction techniques can be controlled and improved by introducing desired functional groups into the structure of ILs.…”

Ionic liquid based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with ICP-OES for the determination of trace quantities of cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel and zinc in environmental water samples

“…Liu et al reported that ILs can be used as extraction solvents in liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), the authors found that the ILs [C 6 mim] [PF 6 ] and [C 8 mim] [PF 6 ] both outperformed 1-octanol in direct-immersion and headspace LPME of United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) high priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [22]. Several studies have been carried out investigating extraction capability of various types of ILs in different liquid phase microextraction approaches isolating organic [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and inorganic [33][34][35][36][37] species. ILs unique properties has led to evolution of new concepts of phase separation in microextraction techniques based on direct contact of extraction and sample phases such as temperature-controlled ionic liquid based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction [38] and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using an in situ metathesis reaction to form an ionic liquid extraction phase [39].…”