Ionic Liquids: A Class of Versatile Green Reaction Media for the Syntheses of Nitrogen Heterocycles

Chaturvedi, Devdutt

doi:10.2174/157017911795529092

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(186 reference statements)

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“…For example, typing the phrase “ionic liquids” in common literature search engines reveals that more than 7000 articles per annum were published in recent years. Applications of ILs span indeed a wide range including for example chemical synthesis, − electrochemistry, , and catalysis. − Much attention has recently been paid on IL–molecular solvent binary systems because in many of their applications ILs come in contact with molecular solvents. For example, ILs are considered for the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfur containing compounds from aliphatic hydrocarbons − and the separation of azeotropic mixtures. − The addition of molecular cosolvents has been found to enhance dissolution of cellulose into ILs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Properties of the 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide–Trichloromethane Binary System: Indication of Trichloromethane Segregation

2016

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Self-diffusion coefficients and electrical conductivity were studied for the binary system 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide-trichloromethane ([C6mim][NTf2]-CHCl3) as a function of composition and temperature. Self-diffusion coefficients of cation and anion are identical for ionic liquid mole fractions xIL < 0.95. The self-diffusion coefficient of CHCl3 is consistently larger than that of the ions by a factor of 4. A double logarithmic plot for the ratio of self-diffusion coefficient and temperature versus viscosity is linear for ionic liquid mole fractions 0.1 < xIL < 0.9 indicating (a) a fractional Stokes-Einstein applies where self-diffusion is inverse proportional to some power b of viscosity (D ∼ η(-b)) and (b) single average length scales are associated with the mass transport of [C6mim][NTf2] and CHCl3. However, the obtained length scale for CHCl3 is unreasonably small, which is indicative of CHCl3 segregation. The molar conductivity displays a maximum near xIL = 0.2. Evaluation of the ionicity from molar conductivity and self-diffusion coefficients indicates a gradual speciation change from charged species to neutral species for xIL < 0.5. The temperature dependencies of self-diffusion and molar conductivity follow Arrhenius behavior. The obtained xIL-dependent activation energies are found to be linear for molar conductivity and largest for the cation and anion self-diffusion coefficients. The activation energies for the self-diffusion of CHCl3 appear to be identical with those obtained from fluidity data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Properties of the 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide–Trichloromethane Binary System: Indication of Trichloromethane Segregation

2016

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“…Unlike mineral salts, not only are their melting points very low, by definition below 100 °C, 1 but depending on the particular structures of cation and anion, they may also be completely miscible with molecular solvents, even with very nonpolar solvents. In fact, the ability of ILs to dissolve a wide variety of substances is one major reason for their extensive exploitation as a neoteric solvent for chemical synthesis 2 and chemical processing such as extraction. 3 Consequently, there has been a need for physical property data of binary and multicomponent systems involving ILs.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Composition- and Temperature-Dependent Viscosities of Binary Systems Involving Ionic Liquids

2015

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More than 200 composition-and temperature-dependent viscosity datasets for binary systems involving ionic liquids are analyzed with the Arrhenius model to inspect the composition dependence of the Arrhenius fit parameters activation energy, E a , and y-intercept, ln A. The analysis also includes a new viscosity dataset for the binary system 1-hexyl-3methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide−trichloromethane. The majority of the binary systems show linear dependence of E a and ln A with mole fraction, either over the entire range of composition or over a wide range of compositions, typically between 0.2 < x IL < 1.0. These findings are useful for estimating unknown viscosities for binary systems involving ILs. As a side-outcome from the Arrhenius analysis and careful comparisons between datasets, a number of datasets are identified that are suspect of experimental inaccuracies.

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“…In many of these investigations the IL is in contact with a second or more components. For example, ILs are used as a medium for chemical synthesis, extraction, and supported liquid membranes . Therefore, there is a need not only for physical property data of neat ILs but also for binary systems with ILs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Composition- and Temperature-Dependent Excess Molar Volumes of Binary Systems Involving Ionic Liquids

2014

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A total of 167 data sets of composition-and temperature-dependent excess molar volumes, V E , which are derived from density measurements, for ionic liquid−molecular solvent binary systems are inspected concerning their temperature dependence at fixed compositions. It is found that the V E temperature dependence is generally linear regardless of the sign and shape of the V E composition dependence. Plotting the slopes and intercepts of the linear V E temperature dependence as a function of composition allows for convenient comparisons of existing data sets. In doing so, V E data sets are critically examined with respect to data quality as well as obtaining insight into structure−property relationships. This study also includes new density measurements for the binary systems 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide−chloroform and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfonate−water, measured in the respective temperature ranges of (288.15 and 318.15) K and (298.15 and 358.15) K.

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Ionic Liquids: A Class of Versatile Green Reaction Media for the Syntheses of Nitrogen Heterocycles

Cited by 25 publications

References 178 publications

Transport Properties of the 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide–Trichloromethane Binary System: Indication of Trichloromethane Segregation

Transport Properties of the 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide–Trichloromethane Binary System: Indication of Trichloromethane Segregation

Comparing Composition- and Temperature-Dependent Viscosities of Binary Systems Involving Ionic Liquids

Comparing Composition- and Temperature-Dependent Excess Molar Volumes of Binary Systems Involving Ionic Liquids

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