Ionic Liquids in Biomass Processing

Abstract

The ionic liquids have emerged as new solvents and catalysts for processing biomass to value added chemicals and fuels. This review will present the recent developments in applications of ionic liquids in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatments, depolymerization, biodiesel synthesis, dehydration of carbohydrates to renewable feedstock chemicals as well as further transformations of biomass derived feedstocks such as furfural, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid to value added chemicals. In addition, the recycling of ionic liquids used in biomass processing is also discussed in the review.

Improved biorefinery pathways of marine diatoms using a water miscible ionic liquid and its colloidal solution: efficient lipid extraction and in situ synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots for bio-imaging applications

“…12 Several efforts have been made to develop sustainable and cost-effective extraction processes of lipids and pigments. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Previously, Kumar 13 and Trang 18 research groups have critically reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of various lipid extraction methods. According to these studies, further research is needed to improve and implement extraction technology.…”

Exploring the Potential of Supported Ionic Liquids as Building Block Systems in Catalysis

“…Their paramount role has been observed in various applications including electrochemistry, catalysis, material science, analytical chemistry, biomass processing, separation sciences, pharmaceutical chemistry, etc. . The properties of ILs can be easily tuned by selecting a suitable pair of cation and anion .…”

Recent Progress in Synthesis and Applications of Tunable Materials and Nanomaterials Based on Organic Salts

“…These have replaced the traditional organic solvents owing to their non‐volatility, thus also known as “green solvents” [26–27] . Besides, these have engaged in different areas like separation, catalysis, engineering, analytical chemistry, electrochemistry, pharmaceutical field, food industries, and material science [28–45] …”

“…The ‘liquid‘ term of ILs is arbitrary and best fit only for RTILs (room temperature ionic liquids) (melting point below 25 °C) that have been used at room temperature as a solvent, stabilizers, as an electrolyte [28–50] . Thus, RTILs have been explored on a big scale.…”

“…[26][27] Besides, these have engaged in different areas like separation, catalysis, engineering, analytical chemistry, electrochemistry, pharmaceutical field, food industries, and material science. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] The 'liquid' term of ILs is arbitrary and best fit only for RTILs (room temperature ionic liquids) (melting point below 25°C) that have been used at room temperature as a solvent, stabilizers, as an electrolyte. Thus, RTILs have been explored on a big scale.…”