Ionic space-charge effects in polymer light-emitting diodes

deMello, John C.; Tessler, Nir; Graham, Stephen C.; Friend, Richard H.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.57.12951

Cited by 350 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The drawbacks of LECs are that the turn-on time typically is slow and the operational lifetime is inadequate. In order to overcome these drawbacks it is fundamentally important to understand the physics behind their operation-a topic that has been intensely debated in the scientific literature, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] particularly regarding where the electric field in the device is largest and consequently most important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping front propagation in light-emitting electrochemical cells

et al. 2006

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Observations of the expansion of the p-and n-doped regions in planar ͑lateral͒ polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells with large ͑mm-sized͒ interelectrode gaps driven with 5 to 50 V have inspired a model describing the doping front propagation. We find that the propagation is limited by the movement of ions in the electronically insulating region between the p-and n-doped regions. Two consequences of an ion-limited front propagation are that the doping fronts accelerate as they approach each other, and that fingerlike protrusions are formed, particularly at larger drive voltages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping front propagation in light-emitting electrochemical cells

et al. 2006

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“…When the region in the vicinity of a metal electrode is heavily doped, even if there is a Schottky barrier, its width becomes extremely thin allowing charge carrier tunneling and, as a result, an ohmic contact is expected to be formed similar to that on heavily p + -or n + -doped inorganic semiconductors [40,54,55]. Here, + means heavily doped.…”

Section: Organic/metal Ohmic Junctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bandgap Science for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The concept of bandgap science of organic semiconductor films for use in photovoltaic cells, namely, high-purification, pn-control by doping, and design of the built-in potential based on precisely-evaluated doping parameters, is summarized. The principle characteristics of organic solar cells, namely, the exciton, donor (D)/acceptor (A) sensitization, and p-i-n cells containing co-deposited and D/A molecular blended i-interlayers, are explained. 'Seven-nines' (7N) purification, together with phase-separation/cystallization induced by co-evaporant 3 rd molecules allowed us to fabricate 5.3% efficient cells based on 1 µm-thick fullerene:phthalocyanine (C 60 :H 2 Pc) co-deposited films.

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“…Thus, proper adsorption of ions at the interfaces between the organic layer and the electrodes can enhance the injection of charge carriers into the organic layer, which results in the enhancement of current flow (SCLC) and EL luminance. Next, the sample ionic p-i-n PHOLEDs was compared with typical (frozen) light-emitting cells (LECs) (Pei et al, 1995, Gao et al, 1997, de Mello et al, 1998. In LECs, the organic salt is also doped into the light-emitting polymer layer to improve the device performance.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution Processable Ionic p-i-n Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Park¹

2010

Organic Light Emitting Diode

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Strong and efficient light emission from organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) fabricated by simple solution process is potentially useful for the manipulation of light in information display and lighting technologies. Recently, intensive research has been conducted into the development of OLEDs for realizing strong light emission from a simple OLED structure. In this chapter, highly efficient and enhanced light emission will be described for solution-processed phosphorescent OLEDs (PHOLEDs) doped with ionic salt, treated with the simultaneous electrical and thermal annealing. Because the simultaneous annealing causes the adsorption of charged salt ions at the electrode surfaces, the separated charges act as ionic doping in organic semiconductor layer and the electronic energy levels of the organic molecules are bended by the electric fields due to the adsorbed charged ions at the electrode interfaces, i.e., the simultaneous annealing can induce the proper formation of ionic p-i-n structure.

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Ionic space-charge effects in polymer light-emitting diodes

Cited by 350 publications

References 24 publications

Doping front propagation in light-emitting electrochemical cells

Doping front propagation in light-emitting electrochemical cells

Bandgap Science for Organic Solar Cells

Solution Processable Ionic p-i-n Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

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