Ionospheric response to the ultrafast Kelvin wave in the MLT region

Gu, Sheng‐Yang; Dou, Xiankang; Lei, Jiuhou; Li, Tao; Luan, Xiaoli; Wan, Weixing; Russell, James M.

doi:10.1002/2013ja019086

Cited by 37 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As shown in numerous previous studies, the four‐peak structure in the ionosphere results from the ionosphere and atmosphere couplings through DE3 [ Immel et al , ; Hagan et al , ; Oberheide et al , ; Pancheva et al , ; Pedatella et al , ]. The UFKW‐related signatures have also been clearly identified in the ionosphere [ Chang et al , ; Liu et al , ; Gu et al , ]. Given the similarity of the latitudinal structure of the zonal wind components among these waves, the 6 day wave in the equatorial lower thermosphere would modulate the ionosphere through E region wind dynamo as the DE3 and UFKW.…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 68%

“…In addition, the ultra fast Kelvin wave (UFKW), which is capable of propagating directly from the lower atmosphere to the lower thermosphere due to its long vertical wavelength [ Forbes , ; Chang et al , ; Gu et al , ], has also been found to induce similar wave signals in the ionosphere through electro dynamo processes [ Forbes , ; Liu et al , ]. The global distributions of the UFKW signals in TEC also agree well with the equatorial fountain effect [ Chang et al , ; Liu et al , ; Gu et al , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The planetary wave signatures are then transmitted into the F region ionosphere through the E × B uplifting [ Immel et al , ; Oberheide et al , ; Liu et al , ]. In fact, the four‐peak structure, the UFKW related oscillations and the 6 day oscillations in the ionosphere all peak in the EIA crest regions with a minimum amplitude at the geomagnetic equator, indicating the modulations on the equatorial fountain effect [ Immel et al , ; Liu et al , ; Pancheva et al , ; Gu et al , ]. Generally, the zonal wind perturbations of the DE3 and UFKW, which maximize in the equatorial region, are proposed to be responsible for the ionosphere/atmosphere couplings [ Hagan et al , ; Oberheide et al , ; Liu et al , ; Gu et al , ].…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the four‐peak structure, the UFKW related oscillations and the 6 day oscillations in the ionosphere all peak in the EIA crest regions with a minimum amplitude at the geomagnetic equator, indicating the modulations on the equatorial fountain effect [ Immel et al , ; Liu et al , ; Pancheva et al , ; Gu et al , ]. Generally, the zonal wind perturbations of the DE3 and UFKW, which maximize in the equatorial region, are proposed to be responsible for the ionosphere/atmosphere couplings [ Hagan et al , ; Oberheide et al , ; Liu et al , ; Gu et al , ]. However, Liu and Richmond [] recently showed that the meridional wind perturbation at high latitudes can also induce significant ion drift changes in the equatorial region.…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observation of the neutral‐ion coupling through 6 day planetary wave

Liu

et al. 2014

JGR Space Physics

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A westward 6 day oscillation with zonal wave number 1 is identified in the global maps of the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) during May 2003. This signature coincides with the wave activities in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region with a similar zonal structure and period, deduced from the temperature and wind observations from the Thermosphere Ionosphere and Mesosphere Electric Dynamics (TIMED) satellite. The vertical wavelength of this 6 day wave is estimated to be~65 km, which enables it to propagate up into the lower thermosphere and therefore modulate the ionosphere through E region wind dynamo. The zonal wind perturbations of the 6 day wave maximize in the equatorial region with an amplitude of~30 m/s and the meridional wind perturbations peak at middle latitudes with an amplitude of 15-20 m/s. The 6 day oscillation in TEC peaks at the geomagnetic equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests in both hemispheres with a deep minimum at the equator. The absolute TEC perturbations maximize at~1400-1800 LT with an amplitude of~9 (~7) total electron content unit (TECU; 1 TECU = 10 16 m À2 ) in the southern (northern) hemisphere, which account for~16% (~10%) of the background TEC. Larger relative TEC perturbations of~20% are found at 0200-0400 LT. The similar wave number-period spectra and the consistent temporal variations of the 6 day periodical signatures in both neutral atmosphere and ionosphere suggest a strong neutral-ion coupling through planetary wave.

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Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Observation of the neutral‐ion coupling through 6 day planetary wave

Liu

et al. 2014

JGR Space Physics

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“…Even at geomagnetic and solar quiet conditions, the equatorial ionosphere has been found to exhibit a large day‐to‐day variability [e.g., Laštovička , ]. Much of this variability has been attributed to the forcing by atmospheric planetary‐scale waves with periods of 2–16 days [e.g., Forbes , ; Pancheva et al ., ; Takahashi et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Chang et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Gu et al ., ]. These waves originate in the lower atmosphere, and with increasing altitude their amplitudes increase while the background densities decrease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive survey of atmospheric quasi 3 day planetary‐scale waves and their impacts on the day‐to‐day variations of the equatorial ionosphere

et al. 2015

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This study reports a comprehensive survey of quasi 3 day (2.5-4.5 day period) planetary-scale waves in the low-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere using the temperature observations from Thermosphere Ionosphere and Mesosphere Electric Dynamics/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry throughout 2002-2012. Occurrences and properties of the waves, including the eastward propagating zonal wave numbers of 1-3 (E1-E3) and vertical wavelengths, are determined for each case. The impacts of these waves on the equatorial ionosphere are investigated by searching for the corresponding variations with the same periods and wave numbers in total electron content (TEC) from the concurrent observations of the ground-based GPS network. For a threshold amplitude of 4 K in temperature, a total of 300 waves are identified, of which there are 186 E1, 63 E2, and 51 E3 events. The mean amplitudes and vertical wavelengths of these waves are calculated to be about 7.9 K and 34 km for the E1, 5.7 K and 29 km for the E2, and 5.1 K and 27 km for the E3, having the standard deviations of 1.5 K and 6.5 km, 0.6 K and 5.6 km, and 0.5 K and 6.7 km. Occurrences of the E1 cases are not observed to depend on season, but the large-amplitude (>8 K) cases occur more often during solstices than at equinoxes. Similarly, the E2 and E3 cases are observed to occur most often in January-February and May-August. Among these waves, 199 cases (66%) are found to have the corresponding variations in the equatorial ionosphere with amplitudes ≥4.2% relative to the mean TEC values (corresponding to 90th percentile). Most of these waves have long vertical wavelengths and large amplitudes (∼3 times more than short vertical wavelength and small-amplitude waves). Because no seasonal or solar cycle dependence on the frequency at which these waves have corresponding variations in the ionosphere at this TEC perturbation threshold is observed, we conclude that there is no seasonal and solar cycle dependence on the propagation of such waves from the mesopause region to higher altitudes. We also identify that only 28 cases (19%) of the E1 TEC variations do not correspond to any E1 waves, which is consistent with the hypothesis that E1 waves are the primary cause of E1 TEC variations. Conditions that are favorable for 3 day waves to create ionospheric variations are present approximately two thirds of the time. This study quantifies the importance and frequency of atmospheric quasi 3 day planetary-scale waves on the day-to-day variations of the equatorial ionosphere using a statistical rather than case study approach.

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Wave coupling between the lower and middle thermosphere as viewed from TIMED and GOCE

et al. 2015

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Vertical coupling between the lower and middle thermosphere due to the eastward propagating diurnal tide with zonal wave number 3 (DE3) and the 3.5 day ultra‐fast Kelvin Wave (UFKW) is investigated using Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, Energetics and Dynamics‐Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (TIMED‐SABER) temperatures near 100 km and Gravity field and steady‐state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) neutral densities and zonal winds near 260 km. The analysis is performed between ±45∘ latitude during 2011, when reliable and continuous measurements are available. With geomagnetic and solar effects removed, DE3 and the UFKW are identified as dominant sources of day‐to‐day variability at both heights. Evidence is found for the vertical propagation of DE3 and the UFKW from the lower to middle thermosphere over a range of time scales. Over 60% of the variance due to DE3 and the UFKW at 260 km is traceable to variability occurring at 100 km. The not exact agreement is thought to be due to the influences of wave‐wave interactions, zonal mean winds, dissipation, and inherent transience that interfere with one‐to‐one mapping of structures between 100 and 260 km. Spectral and temporal analyses of the SABER and GOCE data also reveal the presence of sidebands due to the modulation of DE3 by the UFKW. These secondary waves are responsible for up to 10% to 20% of the longitudinal and day‐to‐day variability. Overall, vertical propagating waves together with sidebands from DE3‐UFKW nonlinear interactions are responsible for 60% to 80% of the total variability, while geomagnetic and solar effects correlated with ap and F10.7 account for less than 20% of the variance.

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Ionospheric response to the ultrafast Kelvin wave in the MLT region

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Observation of the neutral‐ion coupling through 6 day planetary wave

Observation of the neutral‐ion coupling through 6 day planetary wave

A comprehensive survey of atmospheric quasi 3 day planetary‐scale waves and their impacts on the day‐to‐day variations of the equatorial ionosphere

Wave coupling between the lower and middle thermosphere as viewed from TIMED and GOCE

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