Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors

Bleakman, David; Alt, Andrew; Lodge, David; Monaghan, Daniel T.; Jane, David E.; Nisenbaum, Eric S.

doi:10.1002/9780470101001.hcn010

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 284 publications

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“…At CA1 synapses, there are two predominant postsynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors subtypes that function as ligand-gated cation channels and are distinguished by their activation by different synthetic agonists; N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisooxazole-4-propionic acid receptors (AMPAR) (reviewed in (Bleakman and others 2007; Dingledine Borges Bowie and Traynelis 1999)). Both of these receptors are heterotetrameric assemblies with NMDARs containing two NR1 subunits that bind the co-agonist glycine or D-serine and two NR2A-D subunits (also known as GluNA-D) that bind glutamate.…”

Section: Introduction To Excitatory Synaptic Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMPARs contain two pairs of two GluR1-4 subunits (also known as GluA1-4) which all bind glutamate. Most AMPARs in the hippocampus are composed of GluR1/2 or GluR2/3 with a small population of GluR1/1 homomeric channels (reviewed in (Bleakman and others 2007; Dingledine Borges Bowie and Traynelis 1999; Kumar Bacci Kharazia and Huguenard 2002)). Due to mRNA editing, the GluR2 subunit contains an Arg instead of a Gln, which is present in all other GluR subunits, within the pore region; this Arg makes any GluR2-containing receptor impermeable to Ca 2+ and causes it to display a linear current-voltage relationship.…”

Section: Introduction To Excitatory Synaptic Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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AKAP Signaling Complexes in Regulation of Excitatory Synaptic Plasticity

2011

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Plasticity at excitatory glutamatergic synapses in the central nervous system is believed to be critical for neuronal circuits to process and encode information allowing animals to perform complex behaviors such as learning and memory. In addition, alterations in synaptic plasticity are associated with human diseases including Alzheimer's, epilepsy, chronic pain, drug addiction, and schizophrenia. Long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) in the hippocampal region of the brain are two forms of synaptic plasticity that increase or decrease, respectively, the strength of synaptic transmission by postsynaptic AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Both LTP and LTD are induced by activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors but differ in the level and duration of Ca2+ influx through the NMDA receptor and the subsequent engagement of downstream signaling by protein kinases including PKA, PKC, and CaMKII and phosphatases including PP1 and calcineurin-PP2B (CaN). This review addresses the important emerging roles of the A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) family of scaffold proteins in regulating localization of PKA and other kinases and phosphatases to postsynaptic multi-protein complexes that control NMDA and AMPA receptor function during LTP and LTD.

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Section: Introduction To Excitatory Synaptic Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction To Excitatory Synaptic Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

AKAP Signaling Complexes in Regulation of Excitatory Synaptic Plasticity

2011

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Kainate receptors coming of age: milestones of two decades of research

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Mulle

Swanson

2011

Trends in Neurosciences

255

294

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Two decades have passed since the first report of the cloning of a kainate receptor (KAR) subunit. The intervening years have seen a rapid growth in our understanding of the biophysical properties and function of kainate receptors in the brain. This research has led to an appreciation that kainate receptors play quite distinct roles at synapses relative to other members of the glutamate-gated ion channel receptor family, despite structural and functional commonalities. The surprisingly diverse and complex nature of KAR signaling underlies their unique impact on neuronal networks through their direct and indirect effects on synaptic transmission, and their prominent role in regulating cellular excitability. This review pieces together highlights from the two decades of research subsequent to the cloning of the first subunit, and provides an overview of our current understanding of the role of KARs in the CNS and their potential importance to neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.

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Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors

Cited by 2 publications

References 284 publications

AKAP Signaling Complexes in Regulation of Excitatory Synaptic Plasticity

AKAP Signaling Complexes in Regulation of Excitatory Synaptic Plasticity

Kainate receptors coming of age: milestones of two decades of research

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