The 14th Five-Year Plan proposes the objective of expediting digital development and constructing a digital China, aiming to minimize the reliance on physical travel while fostering increased data flow and sharing. However, the implementation of data privacy regulations, such as the Personal Information Protection Law, has resulted in conflicts between data sharing and privacy. To address this challenge, federated learning technology has emerged as an effective solution that enables data sharing while safeguarding privacy. Nonetheless, trust issues arise among federated members in relation to each other and central servers. This is where blockchain technology, with its notable features of verifiability, auditability, and traceability, can play a pivotal role in resolving trust concerns within federated learning. Consequently, a novel framework called trusted federated learning based on blockchain has emerged. This article initially defines the trust issue in federated learning and subsequently provides a chronological overview of research advancements in the domain of trusted federated learning based on blockchain. Furthermore, it discusses the advantages and disadvantages of existing research across three categories: blockchain structure design, consensus mechanism, and smart contracts. Additionally, the article highlights the application characteristics of this framework in fields such as the Internet of Things, connected vehicles, and medical services. Finally, the core challenges and future research directions of trusted federated learning based on blockchain are outlined.