IoT based Agriculture (Ag-IoT): A detailed study on Architecture, Security and Forensics

Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Agriculture Applications: A Survey

“…Additionally, these elements are connected within various layers of IoT architectures for SA applications. However, determining an architecture for -based SA poses challenges due to the extensive potential scale and specific requirements, such as soil conditions, weather dynamics, and geographical variations [13], [42], [43].…”

“…The perception layer, also known as the physical layer, is a crucial component in the IoT framework [13], [60]. It operates as a robust interface, enabling appropriate interaction between the physical and digital domains [33].…”

“…As SA systems become more interconnected, significant volumes of sensitive data are gathered, encompassing information on crop yields, weather patterns, and details about farmers and consumers [520]. Ensuring this data is covered from unauthorized access, breaches, or misusage is essential [13]. Privacy concerns emerge due to the potential risk of identifying individuals or businesses through data analysis [21].…”

“…[9], [9], [21]- [23], [47], [515]- [519] Scalability and Reliability: data traffic, potentially causing network congestion, delays in data transmission Well-optimized network blueprints, resilient communication protocols, effective power management techniques, and dependable fail-over mechanisms. [13], [21], [21], [515],…”

“…Within the evolving landscape of WSNs, a key aspect is the global connectivity of access points, linking to many wireless sensor nodes scattered across diverse locales, diligently gathering data on a spectrum of physical parameters [5], [12]. Acquiring such data from remote locations will be as effortless as managing cellular data online [13]. At the heart of this intricate IoT framework lies its central monitoring infrastructure, WSNs [14].…”