IPSCs, a Promising Tool to Restore Muscle Atrophy

Abstract

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a promising tool for regenerative medicine in chronic conditions associated with muscle atrophy since iPSCs are easier to obtain, pose less ethical limitations and can better capture human genetic diversity compared with human embryonic stem cells. We highlight the potentiality of iPSCs for treating muscle‐affecting conditions for which no effective cure is yet available, notably aging sarcopenia and inherited neurometabolic conditions. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 259–260, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Potential of autologous adipose‐derived stem cells to regenerate atrophied muscle in a rat model

“…The capillary density, as measured with amylase‐PAS staining, was significantly higher in the ND and NR groups + ADSCs than the control ND and NR groups + no ADSCs (Figure ). These data suggest that injected ADSCs may accelerate neoangiogenesis through release of various angiogenic growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet‐derived growth factor, as has previously been shown to occur …”

“…Revascularization is a vital step toward achieving functional regeneration of skeletal muscle. Generally, ADSCs are known to secrete multiple angiogenic growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet‐derived growth factor . Rybalko et al reported therapeutic potential of ADSCs in ischemic skeletal muscle models through growth factor secreted by cultured adipose tissue–derived stromal cells.…”

“…Mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been suggested to promote myogenic repair through multiple mechanisms in vivo . The responses to such therapies include release of cytokines, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, modification of gene expression, direct differentiation into a myogenic lineage; however, the effects of stem cells on muscle regeneration are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the pathophysiologic change of muscle arising from nerve injury and the potential of autologous adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) on muscle regeneration in an in vivo muscle atrophy rat model.…”

iPSCs-based anti-aging therapies: Recent discoveries and future challenges

“…Thus, a growing public health problem worldwide is the management of our aging populations, with the oldest old representing the most rapidly expanding population segment (Waite, 2004). In this regard, iPSCs-based therapies represent an intriguing strategy for regenerative medicine and anti-aging purposes (see Figure 1 for a summary) (Pareja-Galeano et al, 2015).…”