Ipsilateral activation of the unaffected motor cortex in patients with hemiparetic stroke

Caramia, M.D.; Palmieri, Maria Giuseppina; Giacomini, Patrizia; Iani, Cesare; Dally, Leonard G.; Silvestrini, Mauro

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00430-2

Cited by 114 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For clarity purposes and given that post hoc comparisons did not reveal significance in the conditions after error vs. after correct at 150 nor at 300 ms, only statistically significant post hoc comparisons are indicated in the figure. +.05 < p < .1; ⁄ p < .05. activations in the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex (Shibasaki and Nagae, 1984;Rao et al, 1993;Caramia et al, 2000;Chen et al, 2002;Kobayashi et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2004). Also, magnetoencephalographic recordings of movement-related fields have demonstrated a bilateral activation of motor areas at about 500 ms prior to self-paced unilateral movements (Cheyne et al, 1991;Salmelin et al, 1995;Tandonnet et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking post-error adaptation in the motor system by transcranial magnetic stimulation

et al. 2013

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Abstract-The commission of an error triggers cognitive control processes dedicated to error correction and prevention. Post-error adjustments leading to response slowing following an error (''post-error slowing''; PES) might be driven by changes in excitability of the motor regions and the corticospinal tract (CST). The time-course of such excitability modulations of the CST leading to PES is largely unknown. To track these presumed excitability changes after an error, single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to the motor cortex ipsilateral to the responding hand, while participants were performing an Eriksen flanker task. A robotic arm with a movement compensation system was used to maintain the TMS coil in the correct position during the experiment. Magnetic pulses were delivered over the primary motor cortex ipsilateral to the active hand at different intervals (150, 300, 450 ms) after correct and erroneous responses, and the motor-evoked potentials (MEP) of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI) contralateral to the stimulated hemisphere were recorded. MEP amplitude was increased 450 ms after the error. Two additional experiments showed that this increase was neither associated to the correction of the erroneous responses nor to the characteristics of the motor command. To the extent to which the excitability of the motor cortex ipsi-and contralateral to the response hand are inversely related, these results suggest a decrease in the excitability of the active motor cortex after an erroneous response. This modulation of the activity of the CST serves to prevent further premature and erroneous responses. At a more general level, the study shows the power of the TMS technique for the exploration of the temporal evolution of post-error adjustments within the motor system. Ó

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking post-error adaptation in the motor system by transcranial magnetic stimulation

et al. 2013

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“…Special interest was placed on the involvement of the ipsilateral hemisphere. The existing literature emphasizes factors like hand dominance and task complexity/diYculty as playing a role in determining the involvement of the ipsilateral hemisphere during unimanual movements (Alkadhi et al 2002;Baraldi et al 1999;Caramia et al 2000;Chen et al 1997b;Cramer et al 1999;Huang et al 2004;Kawashima et al 1998;Kim et al 1993;Kobayashi et al 2003;Sadato et al 1996;Verstynen et al 2005).…”

Section: Training-related Increase Of Corticospinal Excitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have uncovered several factors (e.g. hand dominance, task diYculty and eVort) which determine the involvement of the ipsilateral hemisphere in the neural control of unimanual movements (Baraldi et al 1999;Caramia et al 2000;Chen et al 1997a, b;Kawashima et al 1993;Kim et al 1993;Kobayashi et al 2003;Verstynen et al 2005). There have however been very few investigations of asymmetrical hemispheric involvement in motor learning to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive training of elementary finger tapping movements changes the pattern of motor cortex excitability

et al. 2006

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There is evidence of a strong capacity for functional and structural reorganization in the human motor system. However, past research has focused mainly on complex movement sequences over rather short training durations. In this study we investigated changes in corticospinal excitability associated with longer training of elementary, maximum-speed tapping movements. All participating subjects were consistent right-handers and were trained using either the right (experiment 1) or the left thumb (experiment 2). Transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied to obtain motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle of the right and the left hand before and after training. As a result of training, a signiWcant increase was observed in tapping speed accompanied by increased MEPs, recorded from the trained APB muscle, following contralateral M1 stimulation. In the case of subdominant-hand training we additionally demonstrate increased MEP amplitudes evoked at the right APB (untrained hand) in the Wrst training week. Enhanced corticospinal excitability associated with practice of elementary movements may constitute a necessary precursor for inducing plastic changes within the motor system. The involvement of the ipsilateral left M1 likely reXects the predominant role of the left M1 in the general control (modiWcation) of simple motor parameters in right-handed subjects.

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“…TMS has been used as a tool for predicting recovery of function (Stinear et al, 2007, Trompetto et al, 2000, to determine the type or location of reorganisation occurring within the cortex (Caramia et al, 2000, Hamzei et al, 2006, Shimizu et al, 2002, Turton et al, 1996, or to investigate the neurophysiological effect of interventions designed to enhance recovery (Brouwer and Ambury, 1994, Liepert et al, 2000, Wittenberg et al, 2003. The response to TMS is primarily recorded using motor evoked potentials (MEPs) obtained from musculature in the periphery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of lower limb motor evoked potentials in stroke and healthy populations: How many responses are needed?

Lewis

Signal

Taylor

2014

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Highlights Intrasession reliability of lower limb motor evoked potentials (MEPs) is excellent in patients with stroke when using as few as 6 responses  Intersession reliability of MEPs is poor in patients with stroke, questioning the ability of this measure to reliably capture changes in corticomotor excitability over time  Measuring the amplitude of each single MEP or using MEP area provides a more reliable measure of MEP size than averaging non-rectified responses AbstractObjective: To determine the intra-and inter-session reliability of motor evoked potential (MEP) size parameters in the lower limb of patients with stroke, focussing on the number of MEPs collected and the method of measuring MEP size. Methods: Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to elicit MEPs in the soleus muscle of patients with stroke (n=13) and age-matched healthy participants (n=13) during low level muscle activation. Two sets of 10 responses were collected in the first session and a further 10 responses collected in a second session held 7 days later. Four MEP size measurements were made using 4, 6, 8, or all 10 of the MEPs collected. Intra-and inter-session reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and typical percentage error. Results: Intrasession ICC statistics using 6 or more MEPs were >0.85 in the stroke group but intersession values were all <0.5.Reliability was best when measuring parameters from individual MEPs rather than averaged responses. Conclusions: Reliability of intrasession MEP size is excellent in the lower limb of patients with stroke using as few as 6 MEPs but intersession reliability is poor. Significance:Comparing MEP size measures across two or more sessions is questionable in the lower limb of patients with stroke.3

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Ipsilateral activation of the unaffected motor cortex in patients with hemiparetic stroke

Cited by 114 publications

References 32 publications

Tracking post-error adaptation in the motor system by transcranial magnetic stimulation

Tracking post-error adaptation in the motor system by transcranial magnetic stimulation

Extensive training of elementary finger tapping movements changes the pattern of motor cortex excitability

Reliability of lower limb motor evoked potentials in stroke and healthy populations: How many responses are needed?

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