Iranian Cancer Patient Perceptions of Prognosis and the Relationship to Hope

Seyedrasooli, Alehe; Rahmani, Azad; Howard, A. Fuchsia; Zamanzadeh, Vahid; Mohammadpoorasl, Asghar; Aliashrafi, Raha; Pakpour, Vahid

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.15.6205

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Not surprisingly, our study shares quite similar results and conclusions with a study conducted on Iranian cancer patients. 4 Yet, studies both from Western countries and non-Western countries showed consistency with the fact that cancer patients, especially at advanced stage, overestimate their prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This over-optimistic bias in prognostication may, in part, explain why patients often appear to have unrealistic expectations of survival, [3][4][5] and hold a far more overestimation of prognosis than their oncologists. 6 For instance, studies revealed that 82% of stage 4 cancer patients perceive their prognosis as much better than their oncologists.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, several studies found that only one-third of the patients with advanced cancer recognized that their cancer is not curable even with treatment, whereas one third of patients perceived their cancer to be curable. [4][5][6][7]11 Since disclosure of terminal prognosis of cancer is a common norm in western countries, it can be assumed that it is not a matter of understanding the facts, but a matter of perception. Still, there are quite enough reports of significant numbers of cancer patients in western countries, who are unaware of their prognosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It is highly important to notice that most studies justifying prognosis disclosure were examined among western populations, whereas in non-western countries, disclosure was not only less frequent, 4 but also proven to be potentially harmful.…”

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confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of Perception of Prognosis on Existential Well-Being and Ego-Integrity Among Advanced Cancer Patients

Alon¹,

Sela²,

Carmel³

2017

Palliat Med Hosp Care Open J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Perception of Prognosis on Existential Well-Being and Ego-Integrity Among Advanced Cancer Patients

Alon¹,

Sela²,

Carmel³

2017

Palliat Med Hosp Care Open J

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“…Numerous studies on hope and how it is related to illness have been published. [34][35][36][37] We could also implement strategies to reframe and foster hope in our palliative care patients because promoting hope does reduce anxiety and improves quality of life. 37 Hope is viewed as dynamic in nature, changing in the presence of any life event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective audit of spirituality assessment in palliative care patients in Singapore

Lee¹,

Tai²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Progress in Palliative Care

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Introduction: Spirituality is essential and forms a critical factor in the way palliative care patients cope with their illnesses. It has been recognized as a major and important component of palliative care. There is little data in Singapore on the current state of spiritual care at the end of life. Materials and methods: A retrospective case-notes audit of the current state of spirituality assessment was conducted in the home care as well as hospital in-patient setting. The case-notes audit was selected from patients who were seen by the palliative medicine teams between June and July 2013. Results: A total of 108 home care patient case notes and 182 hospital in-patient case notes were analyzed during the period of this study. Only 24.1% of home care patients and 30.2% of hospital in-patients had spirituality assessments conducted, of which most patients (77.8%) had these assessments completed during the first initial clinical review. The common spiritual themes identified were fairly equally distributed among the 81 palliative care patients in whom a spirituality assessment was performed. Conclusion: Our audit shows that less than one-third of patients have had a spiritual assessment conducted, similar to the results of other studies elsewhere. It is hoped that this spirituality assessment rate can be improved by putting in place a structured spiritual programme in future.

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Hope, bias and survival expectations of advanced cancer patients: A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2021

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Objective Many patients with advanced illness are unrealistically optimistic about their prognosis. We test for the presence of several cognitive biases, including optimism bias, illusion of superiority, self‐deception, misattribution, and optimistic update bias, that could explain unrealistically optimistic prognostic beliefs among advanced cancer patients and quantifies the extent to which hope exacerbates these biases. Methods A cross‐sectional survey was administered to 200 advanced cancer patients with physician‐estimated prognoses of one year or less. Hope was measured using the Herth Hope Index (HHI). Hypotheses were tested using linear and logistic regressions and a structural‐equation model. Results Results are consistent with the presence of optimism bias, illusion of superiority, self‐deception, and misattribution. All of these biases are amplified by higher levels of hope. Each 1‐point higher HHI is associated with a 6% (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.11) greater odds of believing their illness is curable, a 0.33‐year (95% CI: 0.17–0.49) longer expected survival, a 6% (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02–1.11) higher probability of believing that survival outcomes are better than the average patient, a 5% higher odds of believing primary intent of treatment is curative (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00–1.10), and a 12% (OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05–1.17) higher odds of believing they are well‐informed. Mediation analyses revealed that hope significantly mediates the effect of mental‐well‐being and loneliness on expected survival. Conclusions Results suggest advanced cancer patients succumb to several cognitive biases which are exacerbated by greater levels of hope. As a result, they are susceptible to possible over‐treatment and regret.

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Iranian Cancer Patient Perceptions of Prognosis and the Relationship to Hope

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Effects of Perception of Prognosis on Existential Well-Being and Ego-Integrity Among Advanced Cancer Patients

Effects of Perception of Prognosis on Existential Well-Being and Ego-Integrity Among Advanced Cancer Patients

A retrospective audit of spirituality assessment in palliative care patients in Singapore

Hope, bias and survival expectations of advanced cancer patients: A cross‐sectional study

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