IRAOS: an instrument for the assessment of onset and early course of schizophrenia

Häfner, Heinz; Riecher-Rössler, Anita; Hambrecht, Martin; Maurer, Kurt; Meissner, S.; Schmidtke, Armin; Fätkenheuer, B.; Löffler, W.; Heiden, W. van der

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(92)90004-o

Cited by 519 publications

(294 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Here, as with depression measurements, no systematic differences were evident between the findings obtained by studies using different assessment measures. (Hamilton, 1967) IRAOS = Interview for the Retrospective Assessment of the Onset of Schizophrenia (Häfner et al, 1992) MADRS = Montgomery-Asperg Depression Rating Scale (Montgomery & Asberg, 1979) MSCS = Montgomery Schizophrenia Change Scale (Montgomery, Taylor, & Montgomery, 1978) PANSS = Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (Kay, Fiszbein, & Opler, 1987) PAS = Psychiatric Assessment Scale (Krawiecka, Goldberg, & Vaughan, 1977) PDI = Peters Delusions Inventory (Peters, Joseph, & Garety, 1999) PSE = Present State Examination (Wing, Cooper, & Sartorius, 1974) PSYRATS = Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (Haddock et al, 1999) SADS = The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (Endicott & Spitzer, 1978) SANS = Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (Andreasen, 1983) SAPS = Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (Andreasen, 1984) SCID = Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (Spitzer, Williams, Gibbon, & First, 1992) SIPS = Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (Miller et al, 2002) …”

Section: Methodological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Vorontsova¹,

Garety²,

Freeman³

2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Depression is common in people with schizophrenia, but how it might directly contribute to the persistence of psychotic symptoms has rarely been tested. The key aim of the present study was to test whether depression and associated cognitive processes predict the maintenance of persecutory delusions. Three groups of participants were tested at baseline: 60 patients with persecutory delusions in the context of a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis, 30 patients with depression, and 30 nonclinical controls. They completed interviewer and self-report assessments of depression and paranoia, and measures of six cognitive factors (schematic beliefs, experiential avoidance, autobiographical memory, problem solving, rumination, worry style). The patients with persecutory delusions were then assessed again, six months later. It was found that 50% of the patients with persecutory delusions met diagnostic criteria for major depression. Cognitive processes found to be associated with depression across the groups were negative schematic beliefs about the self, experiential avoidance and rumination, but not autobiographical memory or problem solving. The severity of initial depression in patients with persecutory delusions predicted the persistence of paranoia over six months. A number of cognitive factors also predicted the persistence of persecutory delusions, including negative schematic beliefs about the self, worry, and problem-solving difficulties. In conclusion, depression is common in patients with current persecutory delusions, and it shows similar cognitive features to major depressive disorder. The results of this study indicate that depression and related processes may contribute to the maintenance of paranoia. Trials are warranted of depression-related therapeutic techniques for people with persecutory delusions.

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Section: Methodological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Vorontsova¹,

Garety²,

Freeman³

2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…Psychiatric history was assessed with the Interview for the Retrospective Assessment of the Onset and Course of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses (Hafner et al, 1992). Age of onset for alcohol and other drug use was collected from the PRISM.…”

Section: Other Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The profile of psychiatric symptoms exacerbated by methamphetamine use

McKetin

Dawe

Burns

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Methods: 164 methamphetamine users, who did not meet DSM-IV criteria for a lifetime primary psychotic disorder, were followed monthly for one year to assess the relationship between days of methamphetamine use and symptom severity on the 24-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.Exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms with methamphetamine use was quantified using random coefficient models. The dimensions of symptom exacerbation were examined using principal axis factoring and a latent profile analysis. Results:Symptoms exacerbated by methamphetamine loaded on three factors: positive psychotic symptoms (suspiciousness, unusual thought content, hallucinations, bizarre behavior); affective symptoms (depression, suicidality, guilt, hostility, somatic concern, self-neglect); and psychomotor symptoms (tension, excitement, distractibility, motor hyperactivity). Methamphetamine use did not significantly increase negative symptoms. Vulnerability to positive psychotic and affective symptom exacerbation was shared by 28% of participants, and this vulnerability aligned with a past year DSM-IV diagnosis of substance-induced psychosis (38% vs. 22%, χ 2 (df 1) = 3.66, p = 0.056). Conclusion:Methamphetamine use produced a symptom profile comprised of positive psychotic and affective symptoms, which aligned with a diagnosis of substance-induced psychosis, with no evidence of a negative syndrome.

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“…As shown in Table 1, psychotic symptoms for all patients were grouped into the psychoticism, disorganized, and negative symptom dimensions [4]. The age of onset of fully developed psychotic symptoms was assessed at baseline based on the information derived from the Interview for the Retrospective Assessment of the Onset of Schizophrenia (IRAOS) [21,36] administered to patients and parents, as well as information from other sources. Control subjects were also interviewed using SCAN 2.1 at follow-up, to rule out the onset of a psychiatric disorder during the follow-up period.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Course of intelligence deficits in early onset, first episode schizophrenia: a controlled, 5-year longitudinal study

Jepsen

Fagerlund

Pagsberg

et al. 2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Only few prospective longitudinal studies have assessed the course of intelligence deficits in early onset schizophrenia (EOS), and these have used different age appropriate versions of Wechsler Intelligence Scales and age appropriate norms. The post-psychotic development of intelligence in EOS has predominantly been characterized as relatively stable in these studies. However, comparisons of IQs from different test versions based on the different norms may not permit unequivocal interpretations. The objective of the current study was to compare the development of intelligence in EOS patients (N = 10) from their first psychotic episode to 5 years of post onset with that of healthy controls (N = 35) and patients who at baseline had been diagnosed with other non-affective psychoses (N = 8). The same version of a Wechsler Intelligence Scale was administered at both baseline and follow-up assessments, and the same norms were used to derive IQs at baseline and followup. Significantly smaller change in mean full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) was found in diagnostically stable EOS patients compared with healthy controls during the follow-up period. However, no statistically significant difference in mean FSIQ change was observed between patients with EOS and patients with other non-affective psychoses, although this result must be interpreted with caution due to the small sample sizes. The results suggest abnormally slow acquisition of new intellectual information and skills in EOS patients during the first 5 years after full clinical presentation.

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IRAOS: an instrument for the assessment of onset and early course of schizophrenia

Cited by 519 publications

References 32 publications

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

The profile of psychiatric symptoms exacerbated by methamphetamine use

Course of intelligence deficits in early onset, first episode schizophrenia: a controlled, 5-year longitudinal study

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