Irisin Has a Protective Role against Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats

Morgan, Enas N.; Alsharidah, Ashwag Saleh; Mousa, Ayman; Edrees, Husam M.

doi:10.1155/2021/5570229

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(73 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Histomorphometric analysis also showed that r-irisin increased the number of osteoblasts and decreased the number of osteoclasts. This result is consistent with the results in the deovulated rat model (Morgan et al, 2021). Irisin protected normal bone structure, maintained bone density, and maintained bone metabolic homeostasis.…”

Section: The E Ects Of Irisin On Osteoarthritis Irisin and Bone Miner...supporting

confidence: 92%

Exercise-induced modulation of myokine irisin in bone and cartilage tissue—Positive effects on osteoarthritis: A narrative review

Ning

Wang

Zhang

2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disease characterized by pathological changes in joint structures along with the incidence of which increases with age. Exercise is recommended for all clinical treatment guidelines of osteoarthritis, but the exact molecular mechanisms are still unknown. Irisin is a newly discovered myokine released mainly by skeletal muscle in recent years—a biologically active protein capable of being released into the bloodstream as an endocrine factor, the synthesis and secretion of which is specifically induced by exercise-induced muscle contraction. Although the discovery of irisin is relatively recent, its role in affecting bone density and cartilage homeostasis has been reported. Here, we review the production and structural characteristics of irisin and discuss the effects of the different types of exercise involved in the current study on irisin and the role of irisin in anti-aging. In addition, the role of irisin in the regulation of bone mineral density, bone metabolism, and its role in chondrocyte homeostasis and metabolism is reviewed. A series of studies on irisin have provided new insights into the mechanisms of exercise training in improving bone density, resisting cartilage degeneration, and maintaining the overall environmental homeostasis of the joint. These studies further contribute to the understanding of the role of exercise in the fight against osteoarthritis and will provide an important reference and aid in the development of the field of osteoarthritis prevention and treatment.

show abstract

Section: The E Ects Of Irisin On Osteoarthritis Irisin and Bone Miner...supporting

confidence: 92%

Exercise-induced modulation of myokine irisin in bone and cartilage tissue—Positive effects on osteoarthritis: A narrative review

Ning

Wang

Zhang

2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Expanding evidence has revealed that irisin is involved in various pathophysiological processes including musculoskeletal metabolism, lipid and glucose metabolism, neural regulation, inflammation, and degenerative diseases [17][18][19][20]. Likewise, accumulating studies have shown that irisin plays an essential role against the progression of skeletal degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis [21][22][23][24]. Besides, it has been reported that irisin is a powerful regulator of the metabolism of ECM, including upregulating the levels of COL2A1 and ACAN and downregulating the productions of matrixdegrading enzymes in chondrocytes [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irisin Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Activating LATS/YAP/CTGF Signaling

Chen

Lin

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Unbalanced metabolism of an extracellular matrix (ECM) in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) is widely acknowledged as the primary cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Irisin, a novel myokine, is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 (FNDC5) and has recently been proven to regulate the metabolism of ECM. However, little is known about its potential on NPCs and the development of IDD. Therefore, this study sought to examine the protective effects and molecular mechanism of irisin on IDD in vivo and in vitro. Decreased expression levels of FNDC5 and anabolism markers (COL2A1 and ACAN) but increased levels of catabolism markers (ADAMTS4) were found in degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues. In a punctured-induced rat IDD model, irisin treatment was found to significantly slow the development of IDD, and in TNF-α-stimulated NPCs, irisin treatment partly reversed the disorder of ECM metabolism. In mechanism, RNA-seq results suggested that irisin treatment affected the Hippo signaling pathway. Further studies revealed that with irisin treatment, the phosphorylation levels of key factors (LATS and YAP) were downregulated, while the expression level of CTGF was upregulated. Moreover, CTGF knockdown partially eliminated the protective effects of irisin on the metabolism of ECM in NPCs, including inhibiting the anabolism and promoting the catabolism. Taken together, this study demonstrated that the expression levels of FNDC5 were decreased in degenerative NP tissues, while irisin treatment promoted the anabolism, inhibited the catabolism of the ECM in NPCs, and delayed the progression of IDD via LATS/YAP/CTGF signaling. These results shed light on the protective actions of irisin on NPCs, leading to the development of a novel therapeutic target for treating IDD.

show abstract

“…In ovariectomized mice, R-irisin prevented trabecular BL and induced greater BMD, while the number of OBs was increased, and the number of OCs was decreased in parallel [ 124 ]. Additionally, R-irisin returns the serum levels of osteocalcin, ALP, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b in ovariectomized rats back to the same serum levels as non-ovariectomized rats [ 125 ]. Addition of SCHN to bMSCs had a protective effect on µ g -induced reduction of ALP activity and a promoting effect on the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity-Related Changes in Bone Density and Treatment Options: A Systematic Review

Baran

Wehland

Schulz

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Space travelers are exposed to microgravity (µg), which induces enhanced bone loss compared to the age-related bone loss on Earth. Microgravity promotes an increased bone turnover, and this obstructs space exploration. This bone loss can be slowed down by exercise on treadmills or resistive apparatus. The objective of this systematic review is to provide a current overview of the state of the art of the field of bone loss in space and possible treatment options thereof. A total of 482 unique studies were searched through PubMed and Scopus, and 37 studies met the eligibility criteria. The studies showed that, despite increased bone formation during µg, the increase in bone resorption was greater. Different types of exercise and pharmacological treatments with bisphosphonates, RANKL antibody (receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand antibody), proteasome inhibitor, pan-caspase inhibitor, and interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody decrease bone resorption and promote bone formation. Additionally, recombinant irisin, cell-free fat extract, cyclic mechanical stretch-treated bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, and strontium-containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles also show some positive effects on bone loss.

show abstract

Irisin Has a Protective Role against Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 64 publications

Exercise-induced modulation of myokine irisin in bone and cartilage tissue—Positive effects on osteoarthritis: A narrative review

Exercise-induced modulation of myokine irisin in bone and cartilage tissue—Positive effects on osteoarthritis: A narrative review

Irisin Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Activating LATS/YAP/CTGF Signaling

Microgravity-Related Changes in Bone Density and Treatment Options: A Systematic Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About