Iron and infection.

Weinberg, Eugene D.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.42.1.45-66.1978

Cited by 733 publications

(406 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(168 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

394

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Legionella pneumophila infects humans via inhalation of contaminated aerosols (Steinert et al, 2002). Iron is a key nutrient for most bacteria in particular for many pathogens (Leong et al, 1974;Weinberg, 1978;Reeves et al, 1981;Ratledge and Dover, 2000;Schaible and Kaufmann, 2004). It is essential as a cofactor in various enzymatic reactions like respiration, oxidative stress response or DNA replication, but can also be a toxic element at elevated intracellular concentrations by catalysing the Fenton reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IroT/mavN, a new iron‐regulated gene involved in Legionella pneumophila virulence against amoebae and macrophages

Portier

Zheng

Sahr

et al. 2014

Environmental Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Legionella pneumophila is a pathogenic bacterium commonly found in water. Eventually, it could be transmitted to humans via inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Iron is known as a key requirement for the growth of L. pneumophila in the environment and within its hosts. Many studies were performed to understand iron utilization by L. pneumophila but no global approaches were conducted. In this study, transcriptomic analyses were performed, comparing gene expression in L. pneumophila in standard vs. iron restricted conditions. Among the regulated genes, a newly described one, lpp_2867, was highly induced in iron restricted conditions. Mutants lacking this gene in L. pneumophila were not affected in siderophore synthesis or utilization. On the contrary, they were defective for growth on iron depleted solid media and for ferrous iron uptake. A sequence analysis predicts that Lpp_2867 is a membrane protein, suggesting that it is involved in ferrous iron transport. We thus named it IroT, for iron transporter. Infection assays showed that the mutants are highly impaired in intracellular growth within their environmental host Acanthamoeba castellanii and human macrophages. Taken together, our results show that IroT is involved, directly or indirectly, in ferrous iron transport and is a key virulence factor for L. pneumophila.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IroT/mavN, a new iron‐regulated gene involved in Legionella pneumophila virulence against amoebae and macrophages

Portier

Zheng

Sahr

et al. 2014

Environmental Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is known that excess iron increases the incidence and intensity of infection, and that the enhancement of iron withholding decreases the incidence and intensity of infection [16,17]. Bacterial infections in this context have been the subject of numerous investigations, however, there are only a few studies dealing with fungal infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed lethal response to Aspergillus fumigatus infection in sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing mice

Okawa¹

2002

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A longer survival and a decrease in the number of fungal cells in kidneys and brain were observed in groups of mice inoculated with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia 2-3 weeks (especially 3 weeks) after sarcoma 180 tumor transplantation compared to groups of non-tumor-bearing (control) mice inoculated with fungal cells only. The 3-4-week tumor-bearing mice had significantly decreased levels of serum iron and increased levels of unbound iron binding capacity in the serum compared to those of the non-tumor-bearing mice.

show abstract

“…It plays a role in the defense mechanisms of the mammary gland of lactating ruminants. Lactoferrin binds to iron molecules with high affinity, enabling lactoferrin to sequester free iron in the environment, which inhibits bacterial growth (Weinberg 1978). In addition, LF directly kills certain bacterial strains (Arnold et al 1977).…”

Section: Relationship Among Antimicrobial Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control mechanisms for producing antimicrobial factors in ruminant mammary gland

Isobe

2017

Animal Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mastitis, a symptom of inflammation in mammary tissue by infection with various kinds of bacteria, causes huge economic losses in the milk industry. One of the popular methods for treatment of mastitis is antibiotics, although this prohibits milk shipping and sometimes causes resistant microbes. Therefore, a new strategy to treat mastitis without antibiotics is eagerly required around the world. Antimicrobial factors belong to innate immunity and can start their function extremely early after bacterial stimulation. These factors have antimicrobial activity for a broad spectrum of bacteria. Elucidation of causal mechanisms and functions of antimicrobial factors in the mammary gland is thought to result in suitable methods for prevention and treatment of mastitis. Therefore, this review introduces traits of some antimicrobial factors and the mechanisms for expressing, producing and secreting them in the mammary gland. For antimicrobial factors, lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), S100A7, cathelicidin and lactoferrin are controlled in different sites and different time courses, suggesting that antimicrobial factors play different roles for local defense against bacterial infection in the mammary gland. These findings will contribute to the development of prevention and treatment methods for mastitis.

show abstract

Iron and infection.

Cited by 733 publications

References 117 publications

IroT/mavN, a new iron‐regulated gene involved in Legionella pneumophila virulence against amoebae and macrophages

IroT/mavN, a new iron‐regulated gene involved in Legionella pneumophila virulence against amoebae and macrophages

Delayed lethal response to Aspergillus fumigatus infection in sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing mice

Control mechanisms for producing antimicrobial factors in ruminant mammary gland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About