Iron as the primary factor rendering lakes meromictic, and related problems

Kjensmo, Johannes

doi:10.1080/05384680.1968.11903842

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The high sulphate concentrations in Okaro, Ngapouri and Rotokakahi do not render them subject to iron accumulation during stagnation, in the manner described by Kjensmo ( 1968). Iron and manganese concentration in the surface waters seemed unrelated to lake condition, but bottom water concentrations were used to classify the lakes into three groups related to trophic state (Table 8).…”

Section: Iron Manganese Copper and Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry and trophic status of seven New Zealand lakes

McColl¹

1972

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

112

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The chemistry of the surface and bottom waters of seven Rotorua lakes (Okataina, Rotoma, Tikitapu, Okareka, Rotokakahi, Ngapouri, and Okaro) was examined monthly between April 1970 and April 1971 in relation to the biology of the lakes. Twenty-four parameters were measured, including dissolved 0 2 , major ions, silica, phosphorus, nitrogen, algal pigments, and some trace elements. All lakes were warm monomictic, second-class lakes. All lakes contained "bicarbonate waters" except Rotoma which had "chloride waters". The waters were soft and variations between lakes in composition of major cations and anions appeared to be related to catchment differences. The major cations and CT varied little with season. Sulphate varied seasonally in the hypolimnia of the most productive lakes (Okaro, Ngapouri, and Rotokakahi). Silica was abundant in all lakes, except Tikitapu where diatoms were poorly represented. Depletion of silica by diatom populations was only observed in the two most productive lakes (Okaro and Ngapouri). All lakes except Ngapouri showed anomalous silica distribution, with lower concentrations in the bottom waters at all times.

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Section: Iron Manganese Copper and Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry and trophic status of seven New Zealand lakes

McColl¹

1972

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

112

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“…The scarcity of iron and manganese is notable. Given the long period of hypolimnetic stagnation it is possible that if iron were available the lake would become biogenically meromictic in the manner of some Norwegian lakes (Kjensmo, 1968). Our limited data on nutrient chemistry indicate that phosphorus is unlikely to be limiting phytoplankton growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Lake Chisholm, a polyhumic forest lake in Tasmania

Bowling

Tyler

1988

Hydrobiologia

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Lake Chisholm is a polyhumic, warm monomictic forest lake in western Tasmania. Its large relative depth and sheltering forest result in nine months stratification. The high humic content is a dominant feature, producing a sharp, shallow thermocline, a shallow euphotic depth (< 1 m) and an underwater light climate dominated by red wavelenghts. The hypolimnion is anoxic and sulphide-laden and even in winter circulation is sluggish. For much of the year the lake resembles a biogenically meromictic lake, and though there is only slight chemical enrichment of the hypolimnion there is nonetheless considerable vertical structure in the water column. Chromophyte flagellates are the dominant algae, a few species often forming monospecific blooms in a sporadic manner. Lake Chisholm is seen as an oceanic, mid-latitude counterpoint to dimictic, polyhumic, flagellate haunts in Scandinavia.

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“…A short description of Lake Svinsj0en has been given by KJENSMO [15]. Some features of importance for the present study are, however, repeated in the following.…”

Section: Situation Morphology and Geologymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As pointed out by KJE~SMO [15], manganese and especially iron are elements of the greatest importance for the meromictic stability in Svinsjoen. The iron content thus amounted to 40.8 mg Fe/1 at 30 m depth on 4 March.…”

Section: A Winter Stratification In Lake Svinsjoenmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A year's research on some hydrographical factors in the lake [20] showed that relatively great variations over time occurred in the density of its monimolimnetic waters. Since ferrous iron has proved to be the main cation responsible for the meromictic stability of Svinsj0en [15], the variations in stability may be due to variations over time in iron content. An investigation of the stratification of some chemical constituents in the lake sediments showed a high content of ferrous sulphide in the part of the sediments which was deposited during the meromictic period of Svinsj~en's history [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Iron as the primary factor rendering lakes meromictic, and related problems

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Chemistry and trophic status of seven New Zealand lakes

Chemistry and trophic status of seven New Zealand lakes

Lake Chisholm, a polyhumic forest lake in Tasmania

The primary production and its influence on the meromictic stability in lake svinsjøen

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