Iron Bioavailability from African Meals with Rice, Cassava, or Plantain Forming the Staple Food.

A prospective, partially randomized study of pregnancy outcomes and hematologic responses to oral and intramuscular iron treatment in moderately anemic pregnant women

“…Anemia is a common medical disorder that contributes significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality, intrauterine growth retardation, preterm delivery, and perinatal morbidity and mortality (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). In India Ͼ90% of anemia cases are estimated to be due to iron deficiency, because high iron requirements during pregnancy are not easily fulfilled by dietary intake, especially when iron bioavailability is poor (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Because of religious reasons, poverty, or both, the Indian population observes dietary patterns that are largely vegetarian (15).…”

Dissecting the facts about the impact of contaminant iron in human nutrition: A review

“…phytic acid, phenolic compounds) in plant-based An extrinsic radiolabeled iron tracer was used to estimate the exchangeability of total nonheme and contaminant iron. Galan et al (1991); Guiro and Hercberg (1988); Hallberg and Bjorn-Rasmussen (1981) Extrinsic 58 Fe isotope was used for better accuracy due to its low natural abundance. Glahn et al (2015); Jin et al (2008)…”

“…Guja and Baye (2018) Iron bioavailability was measured using In vivo digestion with humans. Galan et al (1991); Guiro and Hercberg (1988)…”

“…Greffeuille et al (2011) No quantification of the total and/or bioaccessible contaminant iron and intrinsic iron was done separately, making it difficult to calculate the proportional contribution of the contaminant iron in the bioaccessible iron and the extent of exchangeability of the contaminant iron. Galan et al (1991); Gibson et al (2015); Guiro and Hercberg (1988); Guiro et al (1991); Icard-Verniere et al (2013) Trends in Food Science & Technology 116 (2021) 918-927 products, a complete exchangeability cannot be reached. However, it is not clear if the samples used in the study of Glahn et al (2015) and Jin et al (2008) were free of contaminant iron, as stated by Hallberg and Bjorn-Rasmussen (1981) contaminant iron is not completely exchangeable, and can thus be a confounding factor in these studies.…”

Iron supplementation during pregnancy and birth weight

“…factors such as age, parity, short intervals between children, race and socio-economic status . Also, iron requirements during pregnancy are not easily satisfied by dietary intakes, which generally provide poor iron bioavailability (Galan et al, 1990;Galan et al, 1991).…”