Iron Control in Atmospheric Acid Laterite Leaching

Abstract

Iron control in the atmospheric acid leaching (AL) of nickel laterite was evaluated in this study. The aim was to decrease acid consumption and iron dissolution by iron precipitation during nickel leaching. The combined acid leaching and iron precipitation process involves direct acid leaching of the limonite type of laterite followed by a simultaneous iron precipitation and nickel leaching step. Iron precipitation as jarosite is carried out by using nickel containing silicate laterite for neutralization. Acid is generated in the jarosite precipitation reaction, and it dissolves nickel and other metals like magnesium from the silicate laterite. Leaching tests were carried out using three laterite samples from the Agios Ioannis, Evia Island, and Kastoria mines in Greece. Relatively low acid consumption was achieved during the combined precipitation and acid leaching tests. The acid consumption was approximately 0.4 kg acid per kg laterite, whereas the acid consumption in direct acid leaching of the same laterite samples was approximately 0.6–0.8 kg acid per kg laterite. Iron dissolution was only 1.5–3% during the combined precipitation and acid leaching tests, whereas in direct acid leaching it was 15–30% with the Agios Ioannis and Evia Island samples and 80% with the Kastoria sample.

SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) of nickel to reach global electric battery market in Indonesia

“…To address this, the government could explore partnerships with other countries or invest in research and development to find alternative materials or improve the efficiency of battery production. 7–59 The increasing demand for electric vehicles presents an opportunity for Indonesia to leverage its large nickel reserves and develop a competitive domestic electric vehicle industry. However, to fully realise this opportunity, the government must address challenges such as the lack of infrastructure and skilled workforce, as well as the need for partnerships and research and development.…”

Gördes lateritik cevherlerinden seçimli nikel-kobalt kazanımı için atmosferik liç yöntemi geliştirilmesi

“…Demirin atmosferik koşullarda liçlenmesini engellemek amacıyla liç ortamına Na2SO4'ın ajan olarak ilavesi ile demir çözünürlüğünü ve buna bağlı olarak da asit tüketiminin azaltılabildiği belirtilmiştir. Eklenen Na2SO4 demirin Reaksiyon 4'te görüldüğü gibi jarosit (NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6) formunda çökmesini sağlamaktadır [16].…”