Iron deficiency

Pasricha, Sant‐Rayn; Tye–Din, Jason A.; Muckenthaler, Martina U.; Swinkels, Dorine W.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32594-0

Cited by 612 publications

(549 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…While a common approach to correct ID/IDA in pregnancy and the postpartum period is oral iron supplementation, this has often proven problematic due to unwanted side effects and limited efficacy, especially during pregnancy [ 135 , 136 ]. Since inflammation impairs gut absorption of iron [ 137 , 138 ], including in pregnancies of women living with obesity [ 118 ], the value of using oral iron supplements to correct ID/IDA in obese pregnancy has been questioned. Furthermore, overweight and obese individuals are less responsive to food iron fortification [ 80 ], thus this general strategy to improve iron status in the population may not be as successful in pregnant women who are living with overweight or obesity.…”

Section: Clinical Guidelines and Strategies To Diagnose And Correct Id/ida In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of new IV iron formulations with an improved safety profile made serious adverse reactions a very rare event [ 139 ]. This allows for the administration of high doses of iron in a very short period of time [ 138 ]. While both oral iron and IV iron have been shown to improve haemoglobin and ferritin profiles during gestation and postnatal period, IV iron provides more rapid and prolonged improvement in the postnatal period [ 140 ].…”

Section: Clinical Guidelines and Strategies To Diagnose And Correct Id/ida In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Pregnant Women Who Are Living with Overweight or Obesity at Greater Risk of Developing Iron Deficiency/Anaemia?

et al. 2021

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Low-grade inflammation is often present in people living with obesity. Inflammation can impact iron uptake and metabolism through elevation of hepcidin levels. Obesity is a major public health issue globally, with pregnant women often affected by the condition. Maternal obesity is associated with increased pregnancy risks including iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA)—conditions already highly prevalent in pregnant women and their newborns. This comprehensive review assesses whether the inflammatory state induced by obesity could contribute to an increased incidence of ID/IDA in pregnant women and their children. We discuss the challenges in accurate measurement of iron status in the presence of inflammation, and available iron repletion strategies and their effectiveness in pregnant women living with obesity. We suggest that pre-pregnancy obesity and overweight/obese pregnancies carry a greater risk of ID/IDA for the mother during pregnancy and postpartum period, as well as for the baby. We propose iron status and weight gain during pregnancy should be monitored more closely in women who are living with overweight or obesity.

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Section: Clinical Guidelines and Strategies To Diagnose And Correct Id/ida In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Guidelines and Strategies To Diagnose And Correct Id/ida In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Pregnant Women Who Are Living with Overweight or Obesity at Greater Risk of Developing Iron Deficiency/Anaemia?

et al. 2021

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“…In particular, one of these clinical conditions, namely iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), affects about one-third to a quarter of the world’s population, with outcomes including increased child and maternal mortality, pregnancy complications, cardiac complications, fatigue, reduced physical and mental performance, paleness, koilonychia, etc. [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. In most of these cases, the symptoms of iron deficiency are cured using iron supplements, which are widely available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iron and other metal metabolic imbalances are associated with serious medical conditions such as IDA, which affect billions of the people worldwide [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Iron deficiency anaemia could be caused by many genetic, nutritional, metabolic, and other factors, as well as diseases [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Iron supplementation is used in food products, such as cereals or prescribed by physicians in most cases for the treatment of IDA, including many and different oral ferrous and ferric iron complex formulations, which are widely available and sold worldwide at pharmacies [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Era in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia Using Trimaltol Iron and Other Lipophilic Iron Chelator Complexes: Historical Perspectives of Discovery and Future Applications

Kontoghiorghes¹,

Kolnagou²,

Demetriou³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The trimaltol iron complex (International Non-proprietary Name: ferric maltol) was originally designed, synthesised, and screened in vitro and in vivo in 1980–1981 by Kontoghiorghes G.J. following his discovery of the novel alpha-ketohydroxyheteroaromatic (KHP) class of iron chelators (1978–1981), which were intended for clinical use, including the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Iron deficiency anaemia is a global health problem affecting about one-third of the world’s population. Many (and different) ferrous and ferric iron complex formulations are widely available and sold worldwide over the counter for the treatment of IDA. Almost all such complexes suffer from instability in the acidic environment of the stomach and competition from other dietary molecules or drugs. Natural and synthetic lipophilic KHP chelators, including maltol, have been shown in in vitro and in vivo studies to form stable iron complexes, to transfer iron across cell membranes, and to increase iron absorption in animals. Trimaltol iron, sold as Feraccru or Accrufer, was recently approved for clinical use in IDA patients in many countries, including the USA and in EU countries, and was shown to be effective and safe, with a better therapeutic index in comparison to other iron formulations. Similar properties of increased iron absorption were also shown by lipophilic iron complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline, tropolone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxypyridine-1-oxide, and related analogues. The interactions of the KHP iron complexes with natural chelators, drugs, metal ions, proteins, and other molecules appear to affect the pharmacological and metabolic effects of both iron and the KHP chelators. A new era in the treatment of IDA and other possible clinical applications, such as theranostic and anticancer formulations and metal radiotracers in diagnostic medicine, are envisaged from the introduction of maltol, KHP, and similar lipophilic chelators.

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“…The remaining amount to cover the daily need for iron for erythropoiesis is established via the recycling of iron from senescent erythrocytes. This occurs in macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system, where aged erythrocytes are degraded, and the iron-containing heme is recycled [ 1 ], highlighting why disturbances in iron homeostasis often cause hematological disturbances [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In addition, iron’s property to switch between different oxidative states makes this micronutrient potentially toxic, as iron species possibly catalyze the Fenton reaction and generating dangerous hydroxyl radicals [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EnvIRONmental Aspects in Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Petzer

Theurl

Weiss

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Systemic iron overload is multifactorial in patients suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Disease-immanent ineffective erythropoiesis together with chronic red blood cell transfusion represent the main underlying reasons. However, like the genetic heterogeneity of MDS, iron homeostasis is also diverse in different MDS subtypes and can no longer be generalized. While a certain amount of iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are indispensable for proper hematological output, both are harmful if present in excess. Consequently, iron overload has been increasingly recognized as an important player in MDS, which is worth paying attention to. This review focuses on iron- and ROS-mediated effects in the bone marrow niche, their implications for hematopoiesis and their yet unclear involvement in clonal evolution. Moreover, we provide recent insights into hepcidin regulation in MDS and its interaction between erythropoiesis and inflammation. Based on Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), representing one of the most frequently mutated genes in MDS, leading to disturbances in both iron homeostasis and hematopoiesis, we highlight that different genetic alteration may have different implications and that a comprehensive workup is needed for a complete understanding and development of future therapies.

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Iron deficiency

Cited by 612 publications

References 136 publications

Are Pregnant Women Who Are Living with Overweight or Obesity at Greater Risk of Developing Iron Deficiency/Anaemia?

Are Pregnant Women Who Are Living with Overweight or Obesity at Greater Risk of Developing Iron Deficiency/Anaemia?

New Era in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia Using Trimaltol Iron and Other Lipophilic Iron Chelator Complexes: Historical Perspectives of Discovery and Future Applications

EnvIRONmental Aspects in Myelodysplastic Syndrome

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