Iron deficiency: A cause of stroke in infants and children

Hartfield, Dawn; Lowry, Noel J.; Keene, Daniel; Yager, Jerome Y.

doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(96)00290-1

Cited by 187 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Proposed mechanisms for this association include hypercoagulability, thrombocytosis and anaemic hypoxia (29) . The development of congestive heart failure and the need for hospitalization and blood transfusions (mean Hb concentration 28 g/l) were also noted in a case series from Philadelphia, USA (30) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe iron-deficiency anaemia and feeding practices in young children

Parkin

DeGroot²,

Maguire³

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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Objectives: Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) occurs in 1-2 % of infants in developed countries, peaks at 1-3 years of age and is associated with later cognitive deficits. The objectives of the present study were to describe the characteristics of young children with severe IDA and examine modifiable risk factors in a developedcountry setting. Design: Two prospective samples: a national surveillance programme sample and a regional longitudinal study sample. Setting: Canada, 2009-2011. Subjects: Two samples of young children recruited from community-based healthcare practices: a national sample with severe anaemia (Hb < 80 g/l) due to Fe deficiency and a regional sample with non-anaemic Fe sufficiency. Results: Children with severe IDA (n 201, mean Hb 55·1 g/l) experienced substantial morbidity (including developmental delay, heart failure, cerebral thrombosis) and health-care utilization (including a 42 % hospitalization rate). Compared with children with Fe sufficiency (n 597, mean Hb 122·4 g/l), children with severe IDA consumed a larger volume of cow's milk daily (median 1065 ml v. 500 ml, P < 0·001) and were more likely to be using a bottle during the day (78 % v. 43 %, OR = 6·0; 95 % CI 4·0, 8·9) and also in bed (60 % v. 21 %, OR = 6·5; 95 % CI 4·4, 9·5). Conclusions: Severe IDA is associated with substantial morbidity and may be preventable. Three potentially modifiable feeding practices are associated with IDA: (i) cow's milk consumption greater than 500 ml/d; (ii) daytime bottle use beyond 12 months of age; and (iii) bottle use in bed. These feeding practices should be highlighted in future recommendations for public health and primarycare practitioners.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe iron-deficiency anaemia and feeding practices in young children

Parkin

DeGroot²,

Maguire³

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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“…2,5,8) Thrombosis of the pulmonary vein and lower limb vein are known during pregnancy. 4) Half of a series of 42 pediatric CVST patients had anemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Associated With Iron Deficiency-Two Case Reports-

Kinoshita

Taniura²,

Shishido³

et al. 2006

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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Two patients presented with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) associated with iron deficiency. A 14-year-old man had thrombosis extending from the end of the superior sagittal sinus to the left transverse sinus. Severe dehydration after competitive sport had induced CVST. The laboratory findings showed severe iron deficiency anemia which persisted for 1 year. A 47-year-old man had thrombosis in the entire superior sagittal sinus. Dehydration caused by poor nutrition had induced CVST. The laboratory findings showed transient iron deficiency in the acute phase. Both patients received conservative treatment for dehydration and iron supplementation. These two cases indicate that iron deficiency is a risk factor for CVST.

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“…First, iron is a crucial regulator of thrombopoiesis due to its negative feedback effect on platelet production and lower levels of iron disinhibit megakaryocyte activity [2]. These characteristics promote secondary thrombocytosis, which lead to a hypercoagulable state [4]. Additionally, when erythropoietin increases to stimulate the red cell production, it also stimulates the megakaryocyte production [3].…”

Section: Mehmet Eroglu MD Ihsan Senturk Md Ersin Gunay Mdmentioning

confidence: 99%