Iron deficiency in childhood and adolescence: Retrospective review

Ferrara, M.; Coppola, Ludovico; Coppola, Angelo; Capozzi, L.

doi:10.1080/10245330600775105

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…1 ID can be caused by diverse pathogenetic mechanisms, such as nutritional deficiencies, impaired iron absorption, and blood loss. 8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]20 This study showed that the main mechanisms were distinct for different age groups. Premature and low birth weight infants have a high risk for ID because of low iron content at birth and poor oral iron intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H. pylori infection was defined as a positive culture or both positive results of a rapid urea test, 13 C-urea breath test, or histology. Meckel diverticulum was confirmed by Meckel diverticulum scan or exploratory laparoscopy.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Pathologic Etiology For Id and Idamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,12 Insidious blood loss of variable etiology from the gastrointestinal tract has been identified as the most frequent cause of ID and IDA in older children and adolescents. 13,14 Helicobacter pylori infection has also been correlated with the prevalence of ID and IDA. Moreover, eradication of bacteria improves one's iron status and recovery from anemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…IDA was established to be ID combined with a low hemoglobin level compared with age and gender-specific reference intervals. 13 We divided the patients into 4 groups based on age and gender: group I: below 2 years old, group II: between 2 and 10 years old, group III: males older than 10 years old, and group IV: females older than 10 years old. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Etiology and Treatment Outcome of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children

Huang¹,

Yang

Chen

et al. 2010

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of the diverse causes of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and to investigate the treatment outcomes in children. ID was defined as a serum ferritin level<12 microg/L and a transferrin saturation<10%. IDA was established as ID combined with a low hemoglobin level judged by age and gender-specific reference intervals. A total of 116 ID patients were categorized into 4 groups: group I:<2 years old (n=45), group II: 2 to 10 years old (n=13), group III:>10 years old, male (n=18), and group IV: >10 years old, female (n=40). One hundred of them (86.2%) were diagnosed with IDA. The most common causes of ID were inadequate intake in group I (55.6%) and blood loss in groups II (46.1%) and IV (37.5%). Helicobacter pylori-associated ID mainly occurred in children more than 10 years old. Forty-five of 57 (78.9%) IDA patients who had underlying diseases treatment and/or iron supplementation for 3 months recovered their hemoglobin levels (follow-up range: 6-27 mo). In conclusion, the peak incidences of childhood ID were ages under 2 years old and 10-18 years old. Different age groups and sexes showed characteristic etiologies. The outcomes of childhood ID were good.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosis Of Pathologic Etiology For Id and Idamentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Etiology and Treatment Outcome of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children

Huang¹,

Yang

Chen

et al. 2010

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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“…This is particularly true for adolescent girls due to menstrual losses [3,4]. In addition to inadequate intake, factors which could influence iron status include strenuous exercise, pregnancy, low socioeconomic status and ethnicity, as well as disease-induced malabsorption and chronic blood loss [5] or polymenorrhea in girls [6,7]. Prevalence estimates of iron deficiency (ID) in adolescent girls range from 9 to 40%, depending on the population studied and the criteria used to define ID [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Iron on Cognitive Development and Function in Infants, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Hermoso

Vučić²,

Vollhardt³

et al. 2011

Ann Nutr Metab

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A systematic review was conducted to summarize the evidence currently available from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the effect of iron intake of infants, children and adolescents on measures of cognitive development and function. The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and Embase were searched up to and including February 2010. Studies were also identified by checking the bibliographies of the articles retrieved. All RCTs with an adequate control group in which iron supply was provided by natural food sources, fortified foods, formula or supplements to infants, children or adolescents until the age of 18 years were considered for inclusion. No language restrictions were applied. Fourteen studies met the selection criteria. Twelve out of these 14 studies had a high or moderate risk of bias. A large degree of heterogeneity of study populations, iron dosages and outcome measures precluded performing a quantitative meta-analysis. Overall, the studies suggest a modest positive effect of iron supplementation on cognition and psychomotor outcomes in anemic infants and children after supplementation periods of at least 2 months of duration.

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Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease

Luther

Dave

Higgins

et al. 2010

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

192

180

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Background Epidemiologic data suggest a protective effect of Helicobacter pylori infection against the development of autoimmune disease. Laboratory data illustrate H. pylori's ability to induce immune tolerance and limit inflammatory responses. Numerous observational studies have investigated the association between H. pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our aim was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of this association. Methods Medline, EMBASE, bibliographies, and meeting abstracts were searched by 2 independent reviewers. Of 369 abstracts reviewed, 30 promising articles were reviewed in detail. Twenty-three studies met our inclusion criteria (subject N = 5903). Metaanalysis was performed with the metan command in Stata 10.1. Results Overall, 27.1% of IBD patients had evidence of infection with H. pylori compared to 40.9% of patients in the control group. The estimated relative risk of H. pylori infection in IBD patients was 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.75). There was significant heterogeneity in the included studies that could not be accounted for by the method of IBD and H. pylori diagnosis, study location, or study population age. Conclusions These results suggest a protective benefit of H. pylori infection against the development of IBD. Heterogeneity among studies and the possibility of publication bias limit the certainty of this finding. Further studies investigating the effect of eradication of H. pylori on the development of IBD are warranted. Because environmental hygiene and intestinal microbiota may be strong confounders, further mechanistic studies in H. pylori mouse models are also necessary to further define the mechanism of this negative association.

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Iron deficiency in childhood and adolescence: Retrospective review

Cited by 43 publications

References 15 publications

The Etiology and Treatment Outcome of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children

The Etiology and Treatment Outcome of Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children

The Effect of Iron on Cognitive Development and Function in Infants, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease

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