Iron-deficiency response and differential expression of iron homeostasis related genes in spring wheat (

Abstract

Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and human health. Fe deficiency reduces yield and quality traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Grains of modern bread wheat varieties contain low levels of Fe, and Fe uptake and translocation in wheat grown in Fe conditions have not been studied in detail. This study investigates Fe homeostasis and biofortification in genetically stable spring wheat Almaken and Zhenis M5 mutant lines, developed with 200 Gy for higher grain Fe content. Mutant lines and parents were analysed for the expression of genes involved in Fe homeostasis under normal and deficient Fe. Wheat homologues of genes that participated in phytosiderophore (PS) synthesis and transport were significantly upregulated in the Fe-limited roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M/2 mutant lines, emphasising the role of deoxymugineic acid (DMA) in iron acquisition. The combined overexpression of SAMS, NAS1, TaNAAT, DMAS and TOM was also revealed in the roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M5 mutant lines, suggesting their involvement in PS synthesis, Fe chelation and transport. Under Fe deficiency, levels of TaYS1A encoding the wheat homologues of the metal-NA transporter YSL, also showed 2.6-, 5.1- and 5.9-fold increases in the roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M5 mutant lines, respectively. Vacuolar iron transporters (VIT2), natural resistance associated-macrophage protein (NRAMP) genes and the transcription factor basic-loop-helix (bHLH) were significantly upregulated under Fe starvation in shoots. Fe-deficiency-related genotype-dependent and tissue-specific gene expression differences provide new insights into genes involved in iron homeostasis and biofortification genes in wheat.

Determination of resistance to yellow rust in new breeding mutant lines of spring wheat at adult plant and seedlings stages

“…This knowledge's provide new insights into regulation of Fe uptake, intracellular metals translocation, storage in wheat, and aid the prioritization of gene targets for increased grain Fe content and bioavailability [17]. We also showed a highly differential expression of Fe homeostasis-related genes in spring wheat mutant lines with increased grain metal content at Fe-deficiency response [18].…”

“…Our previous studies on creating new spring wheat mutant lines (М 3 -М 7 generation) based on Kazakhstan varieties and expanding diversity revealed comparing the parental vvarieties their higher productivity and grain morphometry along with microelements bio-fortification ability [15][16][17][18]. In addition, grain Fe and Zn content genetically improved mutant lines demonstrated roots-and leaves-related gene expression patterns of genes set associated with Fe homeostasis regulation.…”

Mapping QTL for Mineral Accumulation and Shoot Dry Biomass in Barley under Different Levels of Zinc Supply

“…The release of plant genomes has enabled the identification of putative ionomic genes [ 39 , 40 ], which has opened the way for their detailed characterisation, with some of the genes already validated for their roles in ion cellular import/export and intracellular trafficking [ 41 , 42 ]. Multiple genes have been previously reported for regulating ion homeostasis in plants, which belong to the Zn and Fe-Regulated Transporter-Like Protein (ZIP), Metal Tolerance Protein (MTP), Heavy Metal ATPase (HMA), Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Protein (NRAMP), Vacuolar Iron Transporter (VIT), Yellow Stripe-Like Protein (YSL), basic-loop-helix (bHLH) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene families [ 34 , 43 , 44 ].…”

Mineral biofortification and metal/metalloid accumulation in food crops: recent research and trends (Part I)

“…Understanding expression of genes associated with the antioxidant system, micronutrient uptake and growth is fundamental for developing biofortified cultivars suitable for nutrient-poor conditions. Kenzhebayeva et al (2022) studied the parents (cv. Almaken and cv.…”