Iron doped graphitic carbon nitride with peroxidase like activity for colorimetric detection of sarcosine and hydrogen peroxide

Xi, Xiaoxue; Xu, Peng; Xiong, Chengyi; Shi, Deyao; Zhu, Junlun; Wen, Wei; Zhang, Xun

doi:10.1007/s00604-020-04373-w

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The exploration of biomarkers is beneficial to clinical diagnosis, drug analysis and ecosystem protection. Enormous effort has been made in nanozyme-based biomarker detecting, including biological macromolecules (e.g., acid phosphatase (ACP) for prostate cancer [ 149 ]; human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) for breast cancer [ 294 , 295 ]; carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for rectal cancer [ 296 , 297 ] and benzo[ a ]pyrene-7,8-diol 9,10-epoxide–DNA (BPDE–DNA) for woodsmoke exposure [ 298 ]) and small molecule biomarkers (e.g., sarcosine for prostate cancer [ 299 ] and uric acid [ 300 ]). Pedone et al [ 301 ] developed a colorimetric approach to determine the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in saliva on basis of the reaction between antioxidants and H 2 O 2 in the presence of Pt nanozymes, which was acted as POD mimics.…”

Section: Applications Of Metal- and Metal Oxide-based Nanozymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

et al. 2021

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Since the ferromagnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were firstly reported to exert enzyme-like activity in 2007, extensive research progress in nanozymes has been made with deep investigation of diverse nanozymes and rapid development of related nanotechnologies. As promising alternatives for natural enzymes, nanozymes have broadened the way toward clinical medicine, food safety, environmental monitoring, and chemical production. The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of metal- and metal oxide-based nanozymes owing to their remarkable physicochemical properties in parallel with low cost, high stability, and easy storage. It is widely known that the deep study of catalytic activities and mechanism sheds significant influence on the applications of nanozymes. This review digs into the characteristics and intrinsic properties of metal- and metal oxide-based nanozymes, especially emphasizing their catalytic mechanism and recent applications in biological analysis, relieving inflammation, antibacterial, and cancer therapy. We also conclude the present challenges and provide insights into the future research of nanozymes constituted of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials.

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Section: Applications Of Metal- and Metal Oxide-based Nanozymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

et al. 2021

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“…The XPS spectrum of Fe2p exhibits a couple of peaks (apparent) at 710.8 and 724.8 eV (Figure 7a which could be correlated to the typical Fe2p 3/2 and Fe2p 1/2 signals of Fe 3+ , respectively) 63,75–77 . The acquired (Figure 7b) N1s spectra of the Fe(III)/GCN nanosheets exert a main peak of “pyridinic” sp 2 hybridized nitrogen (C=N‐C) bonds in CN structure at 399.8 eV 78,79 . A low intensity peak positioned at 400.4 eV relates to the occurrence of nitrogen of tertiary amine N‐(C) 3 groups (also called three coordination nitrogen; N C3 ) at the polymer network 80–83 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Iron integrated carbon nitride: A recoverable heterogeneous catalyst for the construction of bis (hetero/homoarylidene)cycloalkanones

Saravanan

Lakshmanan

Ramalingan

2023

Applied Organom Chemis

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Iron integrated graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) was synthesized by adopting co‐precipitation method. No appreciable change in XRD main peak of both GCN and Fe(III)‐GCN indicates the lattice structure remains the same and there is no bulk doping of Fe(III). More sharp IR bands of Fe(III)‐GCN between 1000 and 1750 cm−1 compared with GCN reflect ordered packing of tri‐s‐triazine units in the nanosheets. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis reveals less thin and large two dimensional sheets have formed from bulk GCN during catalyst preparation. The absence of bright spots in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicates that there is no crystalline metal oxide phase confirming that iron(III) is present as ions. Fe(III)‐GCN was then exploited as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of bis (hetero/homoarylidene)cycloalkanones from heteroaromatic/homoaromatic carbaldehydes and cycloalkanone through carbon–carbon double bond construction. The reaction effected well in water, a green solvent as a reaction medium at ambient temperature. The catalytic competency exposed good performance towards reusability. Added advantages include easy preparation and inexpensiveness.

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“…Among all above nanomaterials, nano-sized g-C 3 N 4 is a fascinating peroxidase mimic since it has suitable band gap and excellent thermal and chemical stabilities. Especially, the peroxidase-like activity of nano-sized g-C 3 N 4 can be greatly improved by modifying g-C 3 N 4 with impurity atoms such as Pt, Fe, Cu, Pd, and so on, and thus some impurity atoms-doped g-C 3 N 4 with enhanced peroxidase-like activity have been fabricated and used for fabricating various colorimetric methods for the rapid detection of H 2 O 2 , glucose, and other small molecules. ,− Unfortunately, some nanomaterial peroxidase mimics previously reported have lower peroxidase-like activity, which makes the visual methods based on these peroxidase mimics have a longer chromogenic time and relatively poor sensitivity. − ,,, Most impurity atom-doped g-C 3 N 4 nanomaterials previously reported have higher peroxidase-like activity; however, they could not be recycled for reusing. ,− Especially, the visual glucose sensors based on nanomaterial peroxidase mimics usually existing unwanted optical interference since nanomaterial enzyme mimics in solution may generate scattering, and thus have poorer stability and accuracy. − One effective solution would be to employ magnetic nanomaterial peroxidase...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Loading of Fe₃O₄ and Pd Nanoparticles on g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets Toward a Magnetic Nanoplatform with Enhanced Peroxidase-like Activity for Loading Various Enzymes for Visual Detection of Small Molecules

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2023

Anal. Chem.

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Enzyme mimics now play a significant role in biochemistry. Especially, peroxidase mimics have been widely used for developing colorimetric sensors of blood glucose. The peroxidase mimics previously reported could not be recycled for reusing and may generate scattering to cause unwanted optical interference when it was used for fabricating colorimetric sensors. We herein prepared a broad-applicable and reusable magnetic enzyme-loading nanoplatform with enhanced peroxidase-like activity by simultaneously loading Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4NPs) and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets (Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4). The prepared Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 possesses stable and enhanced peroxidase-like activity and good enzyme-loading capacity and can be used to load various natural enzymes to form highly-efficient and stable double-active nanozyme for fabricating colorimetric sensors for the visual detection of small molecules. Especially, the magnetic feature facilitates the magnetic separation of Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 from sample solution, which is in favor of recycling and eliminating the optical interference caused by nanozyme in colorimetric sensors. The prepared Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 has been successfully used to load glucose oxidase (GOx) and cholesterol oxidase (Chox) to form magnetic peroxidase-GOx and peroxidase-Chox double-active nanozymes, which can be used to fabricate colorimetric methods for the detection of glucose and cholesterol, respectively, with a visual detection limit of 15 μM and a spectrometry detection limit of 1.0 μM. With the developed glucose and cholesterol detection methods, we have successfully detected glucose and cholesterol in serum with a recovery of 98–104% and a RSD (n = 5) < 5%. With high peroxidase-like activity, good stability, reusable features, and broad applicability of loading enzyme, the developed magnetic Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 provided a promising approach for fabricating cost-effective, sensitive, and simple colorimetric sensors for the visual detection of various small molecules.

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Iron doped graphitic carbon nitride with peroxidase like activity for colorimetric detection of sarcosine and hydrogen peroxide

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

Iron integrated carbon nitride: A recoverable heterogeneous catalyst for the construction of bis (hetero/homoarylidene)cycloalkanones

Dual-Loading of Fe₃O₄ and Pd Nanoparticles on g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets Toward a Magnetic Nanoplatform with Enhanced Peroxidase-like Activity for Loading Various Enzymes for Visual Detection of Small Molecules

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Iron doped graphitic carbon nitride with peroxidase like activity for colorimetric detection of sarcosine and hydrogen peroxide

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

A Review on Metal- and Metal Oxide-Based Nanozymes: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications

Iron integrated carbon nitride: A recoverable heterogeneous catalyst for the construction of bis (hetero/homoarylidene)cycloalkanones

Dual-Loading of Fe3O4 and Pd Nanoparticles on g-C3N4 Nanosheets Toward a Magnetic Nanoplatform with Enhanced Peroxidase-like Activity for Loading Various Enzymes for Visual Detection of Small Molecules

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Dual-Loading of Fe₃O₄ and Pd Nanoparticles on g-C₃N₄ Nanosheets Toward a Magnetic Nanoplatform with Enhanced Peroxidase-like Activity for Loading Various Enzymes for Visual Detection of Small Molecules