Iron, Manganese and Nickel Exposure from Beverages in Nigeria: A Public Health Concern?

Maduabuchi, John-Moses Uwanduoma; Nzegwu, C.N.; Adigba, Ese Ono; Oragwu, Chikelue Ifeanyi; Agbo, Felicia Ngozi; Agbata, Chukwuemeka Amechi; Ani, Ginika Chioma; Orisakwe, Orish Ebere

doi:10.1248/jhs.54.335

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Epigenetic mechanisms are influenced by heavy metal exposure [30], the latter often being a consequence of geographic location. Individuals from Nigeria, the country of origin for YRI, are more exposed to heavy metals than Europeans and Americans [31,32]. Cells, from which DNA was extracted for the CAU population, was immortalised 6-32 years before YRI cells (personal communication with Coriell).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D receptor gene methylation is associated with ethnicity, tuberculosis, and TaqI polymorphism

et al. 2011

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The Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene encodes a transcription factor which, on activation by vitamin D, modulates diverse biological processes including calcium homeostasis and immune function. Genetic variation involving VDR shows striking differences in allele frequency between populations and has been associated with disease susceptibility including tuberculosis and autoimmunity, although results have often been conflicting. We hypothesized that methylation of VDR may be population specific and that the combination of differential methylation and genetic variation may characterise TB predisposition. We use bisulphite conversion and/or pyrosequencing to analyse the methylation status of 17 CpGs of VDR and to genotype 7 SNPs in the 3′ CpG Island (CGI 1060), including the commonly studied SNPs ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236). We show that for lymphoblastoid cell lines from two ethnically diverse populations (Yoruba from HapMap, n=30 and Caucasians, n=30) together with TB cases (n=32) and controls (n=29) from the Venda population of South Africa there are methylation variable positions (MVPs) in the 3′ end that significantly distinguish ethnicity (9/17 CpGs) and TB status (3/17 CpGs). Moreover methylation status shows complex association with TaqI genotype highlighting the need to consider both genetic and epigenetic variants in genetic studies of VDR association with disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D receptor gene methylation is associated with ethnicity, tuberculosis, and TaqI polymorphism

et al. 2011

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“…Maduabuchi et al [9] reported that among 21 canned and 30 non-canned beverages, 95.25% and 75.86%, respectively (iron), 42.86% and 51.72%, respectively (manganese), 80.95% and 72.41%, respectively (nickel) have high concentration, while Magomya et al [10] reported that out of 24 soft drinks, 53.33%, 7.14%, 20.83%, 29.17%, and 16.67% exceeded the set safe limits for iron, copper, chromium, lead, and cadmium, respectively. Though some heavy metals could be beneficial, these metals possess deleterious effect when present or their levels in food and drinks exceed the tolerable limit [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Contents of Commonly Consumed Alcoholic Beverages Flavouredwith Herbal Extract in Nigeria

2018

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Abstract:There is proliferation of alcoholic beverages flavoured with herbal-extracts that are perceived to have medicinal values. Information on the phytochemical and heavy metal contents of these products is scarce. This study assessed the phytochemical properties and heavy metal contents of herbal-extract flavoured alcoholic beverages in major motor parks in Ibadan, Nigeria. The phytochemical properties of the beverages were determined in triplicate using standard methods, while the heavy metal contents were assessed while using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and means were compared using ANOVA at p < 0.05.The pH range of the beverages was 3.28-6.57 and the alcohol content was 34.0-51.5%. Detected major phytochemicals and concentration ranges were phytic acid (0.72-2.37 mg/g), alkaloids (0.42-4.11 mg/g), flavonoids (0.22-3.64 mg rutin equivalents/g), total phenols (1.13-3.66 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), anthraquinones (0.74-1.93 mg/g),and triterpenoids (0.74-1.93 mg/g). The heavy metal contents were Pb (2.13-4.70 mg/L), Cd (0.06-0.07 mg/L), Co (0.12-0.23 mg/L), Zn (0.14-0.40 mg/L), and Fe (0.72-4.22 mg/L); only Pb and Cd were above the World Health Organization (WHO) limits of 0.01 mg/L and 0.03 mg/L in water, respectively. The herbal-extract flavoured alcoholic beverages contain beneficial phytochemicals and traces of heavy metals. Safety awareness of these products for improved consumers' health would be of public health importance.

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“…Adicionalmente, as bebidas alcoólicas comerciais podem ser veículos de elementos tóxicos, incluindo Ni, em teor superior ao máximo aceitável. 16 A cachaça, bebida destilada nacional produzida por fermentação da cana-de-açúcar, deve atender à legislação brasileira no que tange à presença dos contaminantes inorgânicos Cu, Pb e As, limitados a 5,0; 0,2 e 0,1 mg/L, respectivamente, 17 tendo sido constatado extrapolação nos teores destes elementos em cachaças vendidas em Araraquara (SP). 18 Estudo com cachaça, terceira maior bebida alcoólica destilada mais comercializada no mundo, 19 não constatou relação entre o perfil iônico e a procedência da bebida.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Níveis de contaminantes inorgânicos em cachaças da região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero armazenadas em copos in natura de esteatito (pedra-sabão)

Fernandes¹,

Fausto²,

Bezerra³

et al. 2013

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 24/3/13; aceito em 8/7/13; publicado na web em 9/8/13 LEVELS OF INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS IN BRAZILIAN CACHAÇAS FROM THE QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO REGION STORED IN IN NATURA STEATITE (SOAPSTONE) CUPS.The levels of inorganic contaminants (As, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb) were measured in 18 Brazilian spirit beverages, before and after 4 contact cycles of 24h each with in natura soapstone (steatite) cups. Results were compared to Brazilian regulation levels. Spirits contained As, Cd, Ni and Pb within permitted levels. For Cu, 5.6% of the brands were above the limit. The contact with soapstone cups decreased Cu levels in the spirits, while the other elements remained unchanged. The use of in natura soapstone cups was considered safe because this kind of vessel did not transfer inorganic contaminants to the spirits.Keywords: cupper; alcohol; spirit drinks. INTRODUÇÃODevido a sua abundância e propriedades o esteatito (pedra-sabão) tem sido usado pelo homem desde a Antiguidade.1,2 Em função da sua densidade, maciez e resistência ao calor a pedra-sabão é um material considerado ideal para produzir recipientes, panelas e utensílios pequenos.1,3-6 Embora a composição da pedra-sabão apresente variação geográfica, há certo perfil predominante, contendo talco e clorita como minerais majoritários.2,3,5-7 A resistência do esteatito ao tempo é determinada pelas condições ambientais somadas às petrográficas e petrofísicas.1,8 Todavia, condições ácidas são danosas à sua estrutura, tanto em laboratório 8,9 como nas esculturas e edificações, 1 podendo ser potencializadas por microrganismos. 10,11 Civilizações antigas impermeabilizavam com lipídios recipientes novos de pedra-sabão, processo denominado cura, reduzindo a porosidade e minimizando a perda de massa.2,4,9 A cura continua sendo aplicada às panelas de pedra-sabão, 4,9,12 ao mesmo tempo que permite que elementos como Ca, Mg, Fe e Ni possam ser transferidos aos alimentos.2,9,12 Metais com potencial de toxicidade ao homem, como Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb e As, podem estar presentes na composição do esteatito, 7,9,13 e a transferência desses metais durante armazenamento de líquidos em recipientes de pedra-sabão pode ocorrer, ainda que reduzida pela cura, podendo transferir quantidades tóxicas dos referidos elementos. 9,14,15 Atualmente, são comercializados produtos de pedra-sabão que não são passíveis de cura, tais como jarros e copos, os quais têm indicação para uso com bebidas alcoólicas. Todavia, até o momento o comportamento da pedra-sabão não-curada exposta ao álcool etílico não foi avaliado. Adicionalmente, as bebidas alcoólicas comerciais podem ser veículos de elementos tóxicos, incluindo Ni, em teor superior ao máximo aceitável. 16 A cachaça, bebida destilada nacional produzida por fermentação da cana-de-açúcar, deve atender à legislação brasileira no que tange à presença dos contaminantes inorgânicos Cu, Pb e As, limitados a 5,0; 0,2 e 0,1 mg/L, respectivamente, 17 tendo sido constatado extrapolação nos teores destes elementos em cachaças vendidas em Araraquara (SP). 18Estudo com cac...

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Iron, Manganese and Nickel Exposure from Beverages in Nigeria: A Public Health Concern?

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Vitamin D receptor gene methylation is associated with ethnicity, tuberculosis, and TaqI polymorphism

Vitamin D receptor gene methylation is associated with ethnicity, tuberculosis, and TaqI polymorphism

Phytochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Contents of Commonly Consumed Alcoholic Beverages Flavouredwith Herbal Extract in Nigeria

Níveis de contaminantes inorgânicos em cachaças da região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero armazenadas em copos in natura de esteatito (pedra-sabão)

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