Iron modified zeolite carrier for efficiently pharmaceutical pollutant degradation in heterogeneous electro‐Fenton: Influence factors and kinetic

Abstract

In this study, the high silica ZSM‐5 carrier was modified with the iron species and applied as a heterogeneous electro‐Fenton (EF) catalyst for pharmaceutical pollutant degradation. The carrier was prepared by the hydrothermal method and followed by impregnation. The physicochemical properties were evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE‐SEM), FT‐IR, X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. The impregnated carrier had high crystallinity, high specific surface area, and uniform dispersion of iron species. The effect of different operating conditions was studied on the phenazopyridine (PHP) degradation efficiency. The optimal efficiency of PHP degradation (ca. 92.5%) was obtained at pH of 3.0, the current density of 100 mA, catalyst loading of 0.2 g L−1, and T = 25°C. The data of kinetic showed that the degradation of PHP followed Pseudo‐First‐Order kinetic, including the high accuracy (R2 > 0.95). The developed catalyst had the high stability and reusability for the PHP degradation in the EF process, while the degradation efficiency dropped only 0.5% for the regenerated catalyst.

Pharmaceutical Wastewater Remediation: A Review of Treatment Techniques

“…60 Interesting results of the EF process have also been discussed. 53 It was found that the reaction was of pseudo-firstorder, and there was a removal of 92.5% at pH 3, 25 °C, current density 100 mA/cm 2 , and 0.2 g/L catalyst. The catalyst was recyclable and reusable due to its stability, and only a 0.5% loss of efficiency was found to reduce after each cycle.…”

“…Interesting results of the EF process have also been discussed . It was found that the reaction was of pseudo-first-order, and there was a removal of 92.5% at pH 3, 25 °C, current density 100 mA/cm 2 , and 0.2 g/L catalyst.…”

Challenges and Future Roadmaps in Heterogeneous Electro-Fenton Process for Wastewater Treatment

“…The precipitation of Fe 3+ ions increase with increase in pH, which decreases the generation of Fe 2+ and subsequently decreases the process efficiency. The scavenging reaction of OH • by proton can reduce the oxidation ability of OH • (Adel Niaei & Rostamizadeh, 2021 ; Benzaquén et al, 2020 ). It should be noted that at higher pH values the production of OH • is lower, while proton salvation generates the hydroperoxonium ion from H 2 O 2 (El-Ghenymy et al, 2012 ).…”