Iron Overload

and, A Victor Hoffbrand; Worwood, Mark

doi:10.1002/9780470987056.ch4

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The normal iron level in men is 50 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg in women, and the normal serum ferritin range is 15–300 μg/L, being higher in men (mean 100 μg/L) than in premenopausal women (mean 30 μg/L) 3. Ferritin is the primary iron storage protein in tissues, and ferritin is also an acute phase reactant, with elevated serum levels in the presence of chronic inflammation, infection, and liver disorders associated with sickle cell disease in crisis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This is especially true in conditions such as sickle cell disease where proinflammatory cytokines may induce an anemia of inflammation and alter the biochemical indicators of iron status commonly used to diagnose iron deficiency 6,7. Despite all these limitations, and in the absence of other pathology, serum ferritin is generally a reliable indicator of the presence of iron overload 3. Serum ferritin is also considered one of the most important tools in measurement of the state of iron balance in steady-state sickle cell disease 8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum ferritin levels in adults with sickle cell disease in Lagos, Nigeria

Akinbami

Dosunmu²,

Adediran³

et al. 2013

JBM

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BackgroundSerum ferritin is considered to be one of the most important tools in the measurement of iron balance in steady-state sickle cell disease. Increased gastrointestinal absorption of iron has been reported in sickle cell disease because of the associated chronic hemolysis, and it is also thought that repeated red cell transfusion consequent to chronic hemolysis and anemia causes excessive iron levels. The aim of this study was to determine overall and gender-specific mean ferritin levels in patients with steady-state sickle cell disease in order to establish the prevalence of iron deficiency and overload.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study in homozygous patients with sickle cell disease attending the sickle cell clinic at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja. A 5 mL blood sample was collected in plain bottles from consenting participants during steady-state periods. The serum was separated and analyzed for ferritin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Another 5 mL sample was collected for a full blood count, done on the same day of collection, to determine red blood cell indices, ie, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The Pearson Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. The differences were considered to be statistically significant when P was <0.05.ResultsIn total, 103 patients were recruited for this study and comprised 58 women (56.40%) and 45 men (43.70%). The overall mean ferritin concentration was 93.72 ± 92.24 ng/mL. The mean ferritin concentration in the women was 92.00 ± 88.07 ng/mL and in men was 96.41 ± 99.80 ng/mL. Only eight (7.76%) of the 103 patients had a serum ferritin level < 15 ng/mL, while two subjects (1.94%) had a serum a ferritin level > 300 ng/mL. Ninety-three subjects (90.29%) had serum ferritin within the normal reference range of 15–300 ng/mL.ConclusionIn this study, 90% of subjects with sickle cell disease had normal iron stores; serum ferritin was higher in men than in women, and iron deficiency was more common than overload in the disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum ferritin levels in adults with sickle cell disease in Lagos, Nigeria

Akinbami

Dosunmu²,

Adediran³

et al. 2013

JBM

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“…As neutrophils are the predominant white blood cells involved in phagocytic killing of several microorganisms (Hoffbrand et al, 2007), we used these cells to test the involvement of CATP in phagocyte-defense. Human PMNs from healthy donors were incubated with both knockdown and wild-type yeast cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paracoccidioides spp. catalases and their role in antioxidant defense against host defense responses

Tamayo

Muñoz

Almeida

et al. 2017

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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Dimorphic human pathogenic fungi interact with host effector cells resisting their microbicidal mechanisms. Yeast cells are able of surviving within the tough environment of the phagolysosome by expressing an antioxidant defense system that provides protection against host-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). This includes the production of catalases (CATs). Here we identified and analyzed the role of CAT isoforms in Paracoccidioides, the etiological agent of paracoccidioidomycosis. Firstly, we found that one of these isoforms was absent in the closely related dimorphic pathogen Coccidioides and dermatophytes, but all of them were conserved in Paracoccidioides, Histoplasma and Blastomyces species. We probed the contribution of CATs in Paracoccidioides by determining the gene expression levels of each isoform through quantitative RT-qPCR, in both the yeast and mycelia phases, and during the morphological switch (transition and germination), as well as in response to oxidative agents and during interaction with neutrophils. PbCATP was preferentially expressed in the pathogenic yeast phase, and was associated to the response against exogenous H2O2. Therefore, we created and analyzed the virulence defects of a knockdown strain for this isoform, and found that CATP protects yeast cells from H2O2 generated in vitro and is relevant during lung infection. On the other hand, CATA and CATB seem to contribute to ROS homeostasis in Paracoccidioides cells, during endogenous oxidative stress. CAT isoforms in Paracoccidioides might be coordinately regulated during development and dimorphism, and differentially expressed in response to different stresses to control ROS homeostasis during the infectious process, contributing to the virulence of Paracoccidioides.

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“…sideroblastic anemia, thalassemia major, congenital spherocytosis [47]). Iron overload may also develop follow ing repeated blood transfusions or from the inadvertent administration of oral iron com pounds.…”

Section: Iron Overload Secondary To Chronic Anemiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fibrosis and func tional impairment of the affected organs is less common in the latter group [1]. How ever, many patients with chronic anemias have acquired excess iron from both routes resulting in both parenchymal-cell and mac rophage iron overload [47], Treatment of iron overload secondary to chronic anemias involves chelation therapy with desferrioxamine. This has been shown to be effective in reducing the iron load and delaying the onset of hepatic fibrosis [49], At present, regular subcutaneous infusion of desferrioxamine is the most effective form of chelation therapy.…”

Section: Iron Overload Secondary To Chronic Anemiasmentioning

confidence: 99%