Iron phthalocyanine hollow architecture enabled ammonia production via nitrate reduction to achieve 100 % Faradaic efficiency

Fuel from waste: electrosynthesizing ammonia directly from agricultural digestate through ligand isomerization

“…To elucidate the role of ligands in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis, we have designed -NH 2 functionalized MPcs with Ni as the central metal because of its high electrocatalytic activity. 37,[42][43][44][45] Subsequently, we have altered the regioisomerism of the ligand by varying the position of -NH 2 substitution between α (α-TANiPc) and β (β-TANiPc) positions (Fig. 1a) to bring out the ligand assistance in electrocatalysis unambiguously.…”

“…After successfully synthesizing these pristine molecules, they were incorporated on carbon nanotubes (CNT) following the synthesis procedure reported in the literature, 37,[55][56][57] as briefly explained in the synthesis section. UV-visible spectra of CNT composites in Fig.…”

“…[32][33][34][35][36] Among them, metal phthalocyanine (MPcs) constitute an attractive class of metal-organic complexes for NO 3 RR due to their thermal and chemical stability, low cost, and structural tunability at the molecular level. 31,32,[37][38][39] It is known that in MPcs, ligands are often a silent entity, and the central metal ion majorly contributes to electrocatalysis. 31,40,41 Here, we question this notion and show that even a seemingly minor change in ligand isomerization can activate the central metal during challenging electrochemical transformations.…”

Beyond the horizons of graphene: xenes for energy applications

“…172 Also, NH 3 is a very good hydrogen carrier, and thus can be implemented as a hydrogen storage unit. Currently, instead of N 2 , nitrate reduction reaction [173][174][175] is gaining interest in the generation of ammonia. 176 Finally, CO 2 RR is one of the important processes in catalysis.…”

Lewis Acid Mediated Alteration of Electron Density on a Copper Site via pπ-dπ Mixing Enhances the Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction

“…Globally, ammonia production primarily relies on the traditional Haber-Bosch (H–B) process, which requires extremely high temperature and pressure to overcome the high energy barrier of nitrogen making the overall process energetically inefficient and also contributes 1.2% toward CO 2 emission globally. , Recently, researchers have been applying various approaches e.g. the nitric oxide reduction reaction (NORR), , nitrite reduction reaction (NO 2 RR), and nitrate reduction reaction (NO 3 RR) for electrochemical ammonia synthesis. But, owing to the high abundance of nitrogen in the atmosphere, the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) to ammonia seems to be a sustainable approach, although various methods such as photocatalytic, biological redox, electrocatalytic, and the plasma mediated nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to ammonia are reported .…”