Iron Reshapes the Gut Microbiome and Host Metabolism

Botta, Amy; Barra, Nicole G.; Lam, Nhat Hung; Chow, Samantha; Pantopoulos, Kostas; Schertzer, Jonathan D.; Sweeney, Gary

doi:10.12997/jla.2021.10.2.160

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…Hence, the host iron status and dietary iron availability have a profound impact on microbial gut communities [ 20 ]. Importantly, iron supplementation has also been shown to favor the growth of pathogenic gut bacteria and the occurrence of intestinal injury [ 21 ]. The adverse effects of iron may be exacerbated in dysbiotic settings, with unabsorbed luminal iron from diet or iron supplementation further fueling the growth and virulence of gut bacterial pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

et al. 2021

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Background Oral iron supplementation is commonly prescribed for anemia and may play an important role in the gut microbiota recovery of anemic individuals who received antibiotic treatment. This study aims to investigate the effects of iron supplementation on gut microbiota recovery after antibiotics exposure. Results Mice were subjected to oral antibiotic treatment with neomycin and metronidazole and were fed diets with different concentrations of iron. The composition of the gut microbiota was followed throughout treatment by 16S rRNA sequencing of DNA extracted from fecal samples. Gut microbiota functions were inferred using PICRUSt2, and short-chain fatty acid concentration in fecal samples was assessed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry. Iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure shifted the gut microbiota composition towards a Bacteroidetes phylum-dominant composition. At the genus level, the iron-supplemented diet induced an increase in the abundance of Parasutterella and Bacteroides, and a decrease of Bilophila and Akkermansia. Parasutterella excrementihominis, Bacteroides vulgatus, and Alistipes finegoldii, were more abundant with the iron excess diet. Iron-induced shifts in microbiota composition were accompanied by functional modifications, including an enhancement of the biosynthesis of primary bile acids, nitrogen metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism and pentose phosphate pathways. Recovery after antibiotic treatment increased propionate levels independent of luminal iron levels, whereas butyrate levels were diminished by excess iron. Conclusions Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic therapy in mice may lead to deleterious changes in the recovery of the gut microbiota. Our results have implications on the use of oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure and justify further studies on alternative treatments for anemia in these settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

et al. 2021

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“…Increasing evidence suggests that iron metabolism and the gut microbiota are frequently linked, and dysfunctions of both have been observed in patients with T2DM (28). Moreover, the gut microbiota was reported to act as a regulator of metabolic diseases such as DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota profiling revealed the regulating effects of salidroside on iron metabolism in diabetic mice

et al. 2022

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BackgroundDiabetes is a common metabolic disease that is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and iron metabolism. Salidroside (SAL) is the main ingredient of the traditional Chinese herb Rhodiola, previous studies have shown that SAL could reshape the gut microbiota and limit iron accumulation. Therefore, it is possible that SAL can act as an alternative therapy for diabetes, and its underlying mechanism is worth exploring.MethodsSAL was used to treat diabetic db/db mice. Serum glucose and iron levels and the histopathology of myocardial fibres were evaluated. The gut microbiota composition was determined by 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing technology.ResultsTreatment with SAL significantly reduced blood glucose and ameliorated diabetic cardiomyopathy in diabetic db/db mice, which was accompanied by inhibited ferroptosis and iron accumulation. Furthermore, the 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that SAL induced a change in the gut microbiota composition. Overall, SAL could increase the proportion of probiotic bacteria and decrease Lactobacillus to improve gut microbiota. Specifically, SAL increased the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes in diabetic mice. The most significant biomarker was the genus Lactobacillus between the MD group and the SAL group. In addition, COG and KEGG analyses suggested that SAL mainly participated in nutrient metabolism, among them iron metabolism was associated with the abundance of Lactobacillus.ConclusionsSAL could reduce the glucose level and protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy in diabetic mice, which might be mediated by the change in the gut microbiota and the regulation of iron metabolism. The findings suggested that SAL was a promising complementary option for diabetes therapy.

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“…The influence of oral iron supply on SCFAs production remains still unclear. Some research indicates that iron can contribute to increases in gut SCFAs production, thus positively affecting gut health [ 95 ]. Some in vitro studies compared the impact on SCFAs production between the normal iron condition and iron deficiency, which does not fully reflect increased iron content in the gut lumen on SCFAs production [ 96 ].…”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Ibds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dark Side of Iron: The Relationship between Iron, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Selected Diseases Associated with Iron Deficiency Anaemia—A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Iron is an indispensable nutrient for life. A lack of it leads to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), which currently affects about 1.2 billion people worldwide. The primary means of IDA treatment is oral or parenteral iron supplementation. This can be burdened with numerous side effects such as oxidative stress, systemic and local-intestinal inflammation, dysbiosis, carcinogenic processes and gastrointestinal adverse events. Therefore, this review aimed to provide insight into the physiological mechanisms of iron management and investigate the state of knowledge of the relationship between iron supplementation, inflammatory status and changes in gut microbiota milieu in diseases typically complicated with IDA and considered as having an inflammatory background such as in inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer or obesity. Understanding the precise mechanisms critical to iron metabolism and the awareness of serious adverse effects associated with iron supplementation may lead to the provision of better IDA treatment. Well-planned research, specific to each patient category and disease, is needed to find measures and methods to optimise iron treatment and reduce adverse effects.

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Iron Reshapes the Gut Microbiome and Host Metabolism

Cited by 22 publications

References 203 publications

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

Gut microbiota profiling revealed the regulating effects of salidroside on iron metabolism in diabetic mice

The Dark Side of Iron: The Relationship between Iron, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Selected Diseases Associated with Iron Deficiency Anaemia—A Narrative Review

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