Iron Supplementation during Three Consecutive Days of Endurance Training Augmented Hepcidin Levels

Ishibashi, Aya; Maeda, Naho; Kamei, Akiko; Goto, Kazushige

doi:10.3390/nu9080820

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In this regard, the Burden et al [ 65 ] study seems to suggest that in iron-deficient athletes, iron supplementation (500 mg·day −1 ) provokes a transitory elevation of this mineral, despite the absence of a direct improvement in performance [ 65 , 95 ]. Of note, moderate doses of iron supplementation (24 mg·day −1 ) have also been reported as effectively increasing serum hepcidin in iron deficient-athletes [ 96 ]. Thus, these findings indicate that ferritin deficiency determines the response of hepcidin to endurance exercise, and accordingly, iron supplementation may activate a counter-regulative mechanism by which hepcidin is released into circulation after a single session of endurance exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an Acute Exercise Bout on Serum Hepcidin Levels

et al. 2018

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Iron deficiency is a frequent and multifactorial disorder in the career of athletes, particularly in females. Exercise-induced disturbances in iron homeostasis produce deleterious effects on performance and adaptation to training; thus, the identification of strategies that restore or maintain iron homeostasis in athletes is required. Hepcidin is a liver-derived hormone that degrades the ferroportin transport channel, thus reducing the ability of macrophages to recycle damaged iron, and decreasing iron availability. Although it has been suggested that the circulating fraction of hepcidin increases during early post-exercise recovery (~3 h), it remains unknown how an acute exercise bout may modify the circulating expression of hepcidin. Therefore, the current review aims to determine the post-exercise expression of serum hepcidin in response to a single session of exercise. The review was carried out in the Dialnet, Elsevier, Medline, Pubmed, Scielo and SPORTDiscus databases, using hepcidin (and “exercise” or “sport” or “physical activity”) as a strategy of search. A total of 19 articles were included in the review after the application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria. This search found that a single session of endurance exercise (intervallic or continuous) at moderate or vigorous intensity (60–90% VO2peak) stimulates an increase in the circulating levels of hepcidin between 0 h and 6 h after the end of the exercise bout, peaking at ~3 h post-exercise. The magnitude of the response of hepcidin to exercise seems to be dependent on the pre-exercise status of iron (ferritin) and inflammation (IL-6). Moreover, oxygen disturbances and the activation of a hypoxia-induced factor during or after exercise may stimulate a reduction of hepcidin expression. Meanwhile, cranberry flavonoids supplementation promotes an anti-oxidant effect that may facilitate the post-exercise expression of hepcidin. Further studies are required to explore the effect of resistance exercise on hepcidin expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an Acute Exercise Bout on Serum Hepcidin Levels

et al. 2018

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“…This strategy was chosen as an attempt to mimic transient increases in training volume, which are frequently seen under real situation during training program (e.g., during a training camp). In addition, the same endurance training strategy was previously shown to increase muscle damage and inflammatory response (Ishibashi et al, 2017 ). However, further studies are needed to confirm whether our findings can be applied to long-term training regimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Impact of Three Consecutive Days of Endurance Training Under Hypoxia on Muscle Damage and Inflammatory Responses

Sumi

Yamaguchi

Goto

2021

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 3 consecutive days of endurance training under hypoxia on muscle damage, inflammation, and performance responses.Methods: Nine active healthy males completed two trials in different periods, consisting of either 3 consecutive days of endurance training under hypoxia [fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2): 14.5%, HYP] or normoxia (Fio2: 20.9%, NOR). They performed daily 90-min sessions of endurance training consisting of high-intensity endurance interval pedaling [10 × 4-min pedaling at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake (V˙o2max) with 2 min of active rest at 30% of V˙o2max] followed by 30-min continuous pedaling at 60% of V˙o2max during 3 consecutive days (days 1–3). Venous blood sample, muscular performance of lower limb, and score of subjective feelings were determined every morning (days 1–4) to evaluate muscle damage and inflammation. On day 4, subjects performed an incremental exercise test (IET) to evaluate the performance response.Results: Pedaling workload during daily endurance training was significantly lower in the HYP trial (interval exercise: 166 ± 4 W) than in the NOR trial (194 ± 8 W; P < 0.0001). Serum creatine kinase (CK) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations did not significantly change during days 1–4 in either trial. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee extension (P < 0.0001) and drop jump (DJ) index (P = 0.004) were significantly decreased with training in both trials, with no significant difference between trials. The muscle soreness and fatigue scores significantly increased in both trials (P < 0.0001). However, the HYP trial showed a significantly lower score of fatigue on day 4 compared with the NOR trial (P = 0.004). Maximal aerobic power output during IET on day 4 did not significantly differ between trials.Conclusion: Three consecutive days of endurance training under hypoxia induced comparable levels of muscle damage, inflammation, and performance responses compared with the same training under normoxia.

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“…As a limitation of the present study, we were unable to conduct a dietary survey (e.g., regarding to total energy intake and iron intake). Increasing iron intake augments basal serum hepcidin levels in female long-distance runners 42 . Therefore, further studies to address the effects of daily energy intake on the exercise-induced increases in hepcidin may be important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of diet before endurance exercise on hepcidin response in young untrained females

Hayashi

Ishibashi

Goto

2018

JENB

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[Purpose]We examined the effects of diet before endurance exercise on hepcidin response in young untrained females.[Methods]Ten young untrained females [age: 20.6 ± 0.8 y, height: 157.5 ± 1.0 cm, weight: 54.4 ± 1.5 kg, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max): 35.9 ± 1.1 mL/kg/min] were involved in two experimental conditions with a crossover design. The two conditions were separated by approximately 1 month, and each condition was performed during the follicular phase. Subjects completed 60 min of pedaling at 65% of VO2max after consuming a meal (FED) or not consuming a meal (CON). Blood samples were collected before, immediately after, and 3 h after exercise.[Results]Serum ferritin levels before exercise did not differ between the two conditions (P > 0.05). Blood glucose and lactate levels were significantly elevated immediately after exercise only under the FED condition (P < 0.05). Serum iron levels were significantly elevated after exercise under both conditions. However, the plasma interleukin-6 and serum hepcidin levels were not significantly different 3 h after exercise under either condition (P > 0.05).[Conclusion]Consuming a meal before endurance exercise at moderate intensity did not affect exercise-induced hepcidin elevation in young untrained females.

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Iron Supplementation during Three Consecutive Days of Endurance Training Augmented Hepcidin Levels

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

Effects of an Acute Exercise Bout on Serum Hepcidin Levels

Effects of an Acute Exercise Bout on Serum Hepcidin Levels

Impact of Three Consecutive Days of Endurance Training Under Hypoxia on Muscle Damage and Inflammatory Responses

Effects of diet before endurance exercise on hepcidin response in young untrained females

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