Iron Supplementation Maintains Ventilatory Threshold And Improves Energetic Efficiency In Iron-deficient Nonanemic Athletes

Hinton, Pamela S.; Sinclair, Lisa M.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200505001-02297

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…A recent meta-analysis found that a standard blood donation was associated with a small but measurable reduction in exercise performance in the first 2 days after donation, perhaps partly related to decreased blood volume (Remoortel et al, 2017). Several studies also suggest that individuals with NAID, exercised to exhaustion, demonstrate improved endurance and aerobic performance after iron therapy (Brownlie et al, 2002(Brownlie et al, , 2004Brutsaert et al, 2003;Hinton & Sinclair, 2007;Hinton et al, 2008;Dellavalle & Haas, 2014). Post-donation exercise impairment in NAID may be due to a combination of the relative reduction in Hb, and/or reduced oxidative efficiency from the depletion of tissue iron.…”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Iron Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do we manage iron deficiency after blood donation?

Kiss

Vassallo

2018

Br J Haematol

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Blood donors and the RBCs and other components they willingly provide are essential in the delivery of healthcare in all parts of the world. Nearly 70% of donated blood comes from repeat or committed donors. The amount of iron removed in the 10 min or so it takes to withdraw a unit of blood (500 ml, plus 25 ml for testing) requires over 24 weeks to replace on a "standard" diet, i.e., without added iron in the form of supplements The cumulative effect of repeat blood donations without adequate iron replacement or a longer wait between donations results in iron deficiency (ID) in many donors, low haemoglobin deferral (~8% of donation attempts), and frank anaemia in some. Moreover, ID can be associated with side effects that can impact a blood donor's health, such as fatigue, cognitive changes and other neuromuscular symptoms. In an effort to better identify and prevent ID, blood collection agencies are recommending various strategies, including changes in the donation interval, donation frequency, testing of iron status and iron supplementation. In this review, we present the evidence basis for these strategies and suggest our own approaches to improving iron balance in blood donors.

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Section: Adverse Effects Of Iron Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do we manage iron deficiency after blood donation?

Kiss

Vassallo

2018

Br J Haematol

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“…Therefore, iron-deficient blood donors will take longer to replace the red cells lost by donation. Iron deficiency is also associated with decreased physical endurance capacity [13], fatigue [14] and impaired cognitive functions [15,16] and not the least, fertile female donors being iron deficient already at the beginning of pregnancy are at increased risk of preterm delivery and low birthweight of their new-born [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handling low haemoglobin and iron deficiency in a blood donor population

Magnussen

Ladelund

2016

ISBT Science Series

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Background Blood donors with low haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and iron deficiency are well‐known challenges in any blood bank setting. The handling of such donors is complex, and although iron deficiency is a frequent cause of anaemia, there are differential diagnoses. Aims The primary aims were to standardize and optimize the handling of blood donors with Hb below the limit for donation. Secondary aims were to deal with all issues related to high or low either Hb or ferritin in blood donors. Methods The problem was approached by centralizing measurement of Hb, initiating ferritin measurements and establishing Centre for Donor Haemoglobin and Iron. An algorithm was created, taking Hb and ferritin into account. The donors were mainly contacted by post, but when Hb was low or when there was insufficient effect of previously given iron supplementation, the donors were contacted by phone to improve compliance. Hb was measured on Sysmex‐XE2100D at every donation. Ferritin was measured once in all donors, at every 10th donation and repeated when outside 60–300 μg/l or Hb low at the previous donation. Results February 1st 2012–February 1st 2015, 71 450 donors (53·5%women/46·5%men) donated 281 814 units of whole blood. Due to changes in calibration, Hb changes could only be monitored over the first 24 months. Mean Hb increased in the female and male donors (P < 0·0001). Percentage of donors with low Hb decreased (women OR/month = 0·98; P < 0·0001; men OR/month = 0·97; P < 0·0001). Summary/conclusions The program of iron supplementation restricted only to those that would benefit has led to an increase in Hb and a reduction in the number of donors with low Hb.

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“…11 In experimental studies (including animal models), ID is associated with complex alterations within skeletal muscle tissue and decreased work capacity, [12][13][14][15] and there are some indirect data from sports medicine suggesting the relationship between ID and skeletal muscle dysfunction in humans. [16][17][18][19] In the current study, we aimed to (i) assess the relationships between respiratory muscle function, skeletal muscle mass, and physical fitness in men with HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) and (ii) to investigate our recent hypothesis 11 of whether ID contributes to respiratory muscle dysfunction in these patients independently of disease severity and indices of skeletal muscle mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depleted iron stores are associated with inspiratory muscle weakness independently of skeletal muscle mass in men with systolic chronic heart failure

Tkaczyszyn

Drozd

Węgrzynowska‐Teodorczyk

et al. 2018

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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BackgroundSkeletal and respiratory muscle dysfunction constitutes an important pathophysiological feature of heart failure (HF). We assessed the relationships between respiratory muscle function, skeletal muscle mass, and physical fitness in men with HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF), and investigated the hypothesis of whether iron deficiency (ID) contributes to respiratory muscle dysfunction in these patients.MethodsWe examined 53 male outpatients with stable HFrEF without asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (age: 64 ± 10 years; New York Heart Association [NYHA] class I/II/III: 36/51/13%; ischaemic aetiology: 83%; all with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%) and 10 middle‐aged healthy men (control group). We analysed respiratory muscle function (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure at the mouth [MIP and MEP, respectively]), appendicular lean mass/body mass index (ALM/BMI; ALM was measured using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry), physical fitness (components of Functional Fitness Test for Older Adults), and iron status.ResultsMIP, MEP, and ALM/BMI (but not MIP adjusted for ALM/BMI) were lower in men with HFrEF vs. healthy men. MIP, MEP, and MIP adjusted for ALM/BMI (but not ALM/BMI) were lower in men with HFrEF with vs. without ID. In a multivariable linear regression model lower serum ferritin (but not transferrin saturation) was associated with lower MIP independently of ALM/BMI, left ventricular ejection fraction, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), and haemoglobin concentration. In multivariable linear regression models, lower MIP was associated with worse results in Functional Fitness Test when adjusted for ALM/BMI or relevant clinical variables (NYHA class, estimated glomerular filtration rate, NT‐proBNP, and haemoglobin concentration).ConclusionsIn men with HFrEF, low ferritin reflecting depleted iron stores is associated with inspiratory muscle weakness independently of skeletal muscle mass. Inspiratory muscle dysfunction correlates with worse physical fitness independently of either skeletal muscle mass or disease severity.

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Iron Supplementation Maintains Ventilatory Threshold And Improves Energetic Efficiency In Iron-deficient Nonanemic Athletes

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

How do we manage iron deficiency after blood donation?

How do we manage iron deficiency after blood donation?

Handling low haemoglobin and iron deficiency in a blood donor population

Depleted iron stores are associated with inspiratory muscle weakness independently of skeletal muscle mass in men with systolic chronic heart failure

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