Iron Supplementation of the Lactating Mouse and Suckling Neonates

Carmichael, D. J. S.; Hegenauer, Jack; Lem, Mariana; Ripley, Larry; Saltman, Paul; Hatlen, Loren

doi:10.1093/jn/107.8.1377

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We have, however, not found the time to clear ESF from plasma after hypoxic exposure to be different between newborn and adult mice (Meberg & Higi, 1980). Possible explanations for this finding include a lack of essential nutrients for erythropoiesis such as iron and copper (Carmichael et al, 1977), or lower transfer of hormonal factors stimulating erythropoiesis, such as prolactin (Jepson & Lowenstein, 1%5), in the larger litters. Possible explanations for this finding include a lack of essential nutrients for erythropoiesis such as iron and copper (Carmichael et al, 1977), or lower transfer of hormonal factors stimulating erythropoiesis, such as prolactin (Jepson & Lowenstein, 1%5), in the larger litters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Erythropoietin Levels in Mice during the Growth Period

1980

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Plasma erythropoietin (erythropoiesis stimulating factor(s), ESF), PCV and body weight were measured in normal mice from birth until the age of 70 d. Low but detectable ESF activity was present at birth, following by undetectable levels 12-48 h after birth. Thereafter the ESF level rapidly increased. Peak levels were obtained 15-20 d after birth. During the same phase an increased growth velocity occurred, coincident with decreased PCV levels. A fall to undetectable levels in plasma ESF activity coincided with decelleration of growth 40-50 d after birth. In small litters (four pups per litter) growth velocity and PCV levels were significantly higher than in large litters (16 pups per litter) 8 and 15 d after birth. The plasma ESF activity, however, did not differ between the two groups. Prohibiting suckling for a period of 16 h did not change the plasma ESF level. The hypothesis is put forward that growth directly or indirectly stimulates ESF production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Erythropoietin Levels in Mice during the Growth Period

1980

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“…Ferric Nitrilotriacetate (NTA). The ferric NTA 1:1 chelate was prepared (Carmichael et al, 1975(Carmichael et al, ,1977 as a 0.2 M stock solution by dissolving FeCl3-6H20 (0.2 mol) in 600 mL of water and adding dropwise, with good mixing, a solution of 0.2 mol of disodium hydrogen nitrilotriacetate (Sigma Chemical Co.) in 200 mL of water; the chelate solution was then titrated to pH 5.5-5.8 with solid NaHC03 (added gradually to permit controlled evolution of C02) and diluted to 1 L. Since >98% of the chelate typically passed an Amicon PM-10 ultrafiltration membrane, iron was predominately in mononuclear, low-molecular-weight form.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of supplemental iron and copper on lipid oxidation in milk. 1. Comparison of metal complexes in emulsified and homogenized milk

Hegenauer¹,

Saltman²,

Ludwig³

et al. 1979

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…The dosage of iron was selected according to a previous study. 20 Cardiac function was subsequently measured by echocardiography. Agematched untreated Tg10 mice served as controls (nϭ6 to 10 per group).…”

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confidence: 99%

Involvement of Reductive Stress in the Cardiomyopathy in Transgenic Mice With Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of Heat Shock Protein 27

et al. 2010

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Abstract-Oxidative stress plays an important role in cardiac diseases, which has been well demonstrated, whereas the role of reductive stress has been poorly investigated. We and others have shown previously that heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) plays a role as an antioxidant. To investigate whether overexpression of Hsp27 could lead to reductive stress and result in cardiomyopathy, we generated transgenic mice with different expression levels of Hsp27. We observed that transgenic mice with high levels of Hsp27 developed cardiomyopathy. The myopathic hearts were under reductive stress, which was evidenced by an increased ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione and a decreased level of reactive oxygen species. In addition, upregulated glutathione peroxidase 1 and decreased iron content were revealed in the myopathic hearts. More importantly, inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 1 significantly attenuated the development of cardiomyopathy. The data indicate that the Hsp27-induced cardiomyopathy could be attributed to, at least in part, upregulation of glutathione peroxidase 1. Our findings suggest that reductive stress plays an important role in the development of cardiomyopathy and that Hsp27 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of patients with cardiomyopathy. (Hypertension. 2010;55:1412-1417.)Key Words: Hsp27 Ⅲ oxidation Ⅲ redox Ⅲ cardiomyopathy Ⅲ iron Ⅲ cardiac function O xido-redox homeostasis is essential for normal metabolism of cardiomyocytes. 1 Oxidative stress has been well demonstrated to play critical roles in the pathophysiology of many cardiac diseases, including hypertrophy, 2 cardiac ischemic injury, 3 and congestive heart failure. 4 "Reductive stress" is the counterpart of oxidative stress, which is defined as an abnormal increase of reducing equivalents, such as the elevated ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG). 5 Similar to oxidative stress, reductive stress has also been shown to have a deleterious effect in lower eukaryotes. 6,7 For example, in yeast with reductive stress, some proteins showed delayed folding, disordered transport, and failed oxidation and were aggregated. 7 In addition, reductive stress enhanced protein aggregation and reduced life span of yeast and Caenorhabditis elegans. 6 -10 More significantly, Rajasekaran et al 5 reported a striking discovery that reductive stress can cause cardiomyopathy by protein aggregation in R120G ␣B-crystalline transgenic (Tg) mice, which mimic the clinical manifestations, phenotypic heterogeneity, and late onset of clinical signs and symptoms observed in desmin-related myopathy patients. Desmin-related myopathy is a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. The authors found that the myopathic hearts were under reductive stress, and the hearts exhibited dramatically increased levels of heat shock protein (Hsp) 25, which were positively correlated with protein aggregation. 5 However, it is unclear whether the upregulated Hsp25 will cont...

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Iron Supplementation of the Lactating Mouse and Suckling Neonates

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Plasma Erythropoietin Levels in Mice during the Growth Period

Plasma Erythropoietin Levels in Mice during the Growth Period

Effects of supplemental iron and copper on lipid oxidation in milk. 1. Comparison of metal complexes in emulsified and homogenized milk

Involvement of Reductive Stress in the Cardiomyopathy in Transgenic Mice With Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of Heat Shock Protein 27

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