Irradiance Effects on Growth and Bacteriochlorophyll Content of Phototrophic Heliobacteria, Purple and Green Photosynthetic Bacteria

Kimble-Long, Linda K; Madigan, Michael T.

doi:10.1023/a:1024324707721

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In many modern stratified lakes, the planktonic Chromatiaceae and planktonic Chlorobiaceae are often bloomed as a mixture of species and co-exist in the same layer. , With penetration of light into the sulfide-containing deep water over many decades, the stratification tends to be sulfide-limited at the top, while it is light-limited in the lower layer, because light is strongly filtered by dense populations of PSB in the overlying water column . At this time, brown pigmented Chlorobiaceae will have a competitive advantage and outcompete PSB at low light intensity because they possess large antenna pigment structures called “chlorosomes” , and use different regions of the light spectrum. Thereby, GSB are less constrained by O 2 sensitivity and typically much more sulfide-tolerant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2,3,6-/2,3,4-Aryl Isoprenoids in Paleocene Crude Oils from Chinese Jianghan Basin: Constrained by Water Column Stratification

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Energy Fuels

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2,3,4-Trimethyl aryl isoprenoid (AIP) hydrocarbons as well as their 2,3,6 homologues were found in most Paleocene crude oils from the Jianghan Basin, China. We interpret their concurrence as evidence for the presence of both purple sulfur bacteria (PSB, family of Chromatiaceae) and green sulfur bacteria (GSB, family of Chlorobiaceae) in the water body during deposition. The GSB and PSB contributions are also evidenced by the presence of the monoaromatic carotenoid derivatives chlorobactane and okenane as well as C 40 diaromatic carotenoid derivatives, including isorenieratane and renierapurpurane. The presence of related biomarkers of gammacerane, phytane and methyl trimethyltridecyl chromans (MTTCs) in the oil samples implies that these prolific photosynthetic sulfur bacteria grew in a mesosaline condition, which is consistent with their niches above and below the oxic−anoxic chemocline in a stratified water column. Thus, the general presence of 2,3,6-AIPs, chlorobactane, and isorenieratane sourced from GSB is consistent with sulfidic (euxinic) conditions in the photic zone of the water column, while their concurrence with 2,3,4-AIPs and okenane further indicates a permanent stratified water column with sulfidic (euxinic) conditions. In such a paleowater-column redox state with ideal growing conditions for the photosynthetic bacteria, PSB likely lived beneath the GSB layer and/or co-existed in the same layer with a symbiotic relationship and/or even as a "Chlorochromatium" aggregate with an endosymbiont relationship. This ecosystem model helps further explain the concurrence of similar amounts of 2,3,6-and 2,3,4-AIPs in the Jianghan Basin oils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2,3,6-/2,3,4-Aryl Isoprenoids in Paleocene Crude Oils from Chinese Jianghan Basin: Constrained by Water Column Stratification

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Energy Fuels

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“…The ability to grow phototrophically under anoxic and sulfidic conditions is a major selective advantage PSB have over chemotrophic bacteria in nature. Moreover, the ability of PSB to grow at light intensities insufficient for the growth of cyanobacteria gives them a major selective advantage over them and most other phototrophs; only green sulfur bacteria can grow phototrophically at lower light intensities than purple bacteria (Kimble-Long & Madigan, 2002;Pfennig, 1967Pfennig, , 1989. For the species of PSB considered here, their competitive advantage is likely tied not only to survival in anoxic and sulfidic environments but also to Core photocomplexes that are maximally stable and functional, that is, fully calcium-loaded.…”

Section: Calcium and The Ecology Of Psbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium and the ecology of photosynthesis in purple sulfur bacteria

Madigan,

Sattley,

Kimura

et al. 2024

Environmental Microbiology

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The ecological success of purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) is linked to their ability to collect near‐infrared solar energy by membrane‐integrated, pigment–protein photocomplexes. These include a Core complex containing both light‐harvesting 1 (LH1) and reaction centre (RC) components (called the LH1–RC photocomplex) present in all PSB and a peripheral light‐harvesting complex present in most but not all PSB. In research to explain the unusual absorption properties of the thermophilic purple sulfur bacterium Thermochromatium tepidum, Ca2+ was discovered bound to LH1 polypeptides in its LH1–RC; further work showed that calcium controls both the thermostability and unusual spectrum of the Core complex. Since then, Ca2+ has been found in the LH1–RC photocomplexes of several other PSB, including mesophilic species, but not in the LH1–RC of purple non‐sulfur bacteria. Here we focus on four species of PSB—two thermophilic and two mesophilic—and describe how Ca2+ is integrated into and affects their photosynthetic machinery and why this previously overlooked divalent metal is a key nutrient for their ecological success.

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Heliobacteria

Asao

Madigan

2010

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Heliobacteria are the most recently discovered of the anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. Heliobacteria contain bacteriochlorophyll g , a pigment unique to species of this group, and synthesise the simplest photosynthetic complexes of all known phototrophs. Also, unlike all other phototrophs, heliobacteria produce endospores but cannot grow autotrophically. Four genera of heliobacteria are known. Species of Heliobacterium , Heliobacillus and Heliophilum grow best at neutral pH, whereas species of Heliorestis are alkaliphilic. Heliobacterium , Heliobacillus and Heliophilum species form one phylogenetic clade whereas Heliorestis species form a second within the phylum Firmicutes of the domain Bacteria. Heliobacteria have a unique ecology, being primarily terrestrial rather than aquatic, and some species may have evolved a mutualistic relationship with rice plants. The genome sequence of the thermophile Heliobacterium modesticaldum supports the hypothesis that heliobacteria are minimalist phototrophs, and because of this, heliobacteria may have played a pivotal role in the evolution of phototrophic bacteria. Key Concepts: Heliobacteria are unlike all known anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria because of their unique bacteriochlorophyll, Gram‐positive phylogeny, and primarily soil habitat. Heliobacteria employ the simplest of all photosynthetic energy‐generating systems and thus their study may yield important clues to when and how photosynthesis evolved. In addition to being phototrophic, heliobacteria are strong nitrogen‐fixing bacteria and possibly associate with plants such as rice in a type of symbiotic association.

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Irradiance Effects on Growth and Bacteriochlorophyll Content of Phototrophic Heliobacteria, Purple and Green Photosynthetic Bacteria

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

2,3,6-/2,3,4-Aryl Isoprenoids in Paleocene Crude Oils from Chinese Jianghan Basin: Constrained by Water Column Stratification

2,3,6-/2,3,4-Aryl Isoprenoids in Paleocene Crude Oils from Chinese Jianghan Basin: Constrained by Water Column Stratification

Calcium and the ecology of photosynthesis in purple sulfur bacteria

Heliobacteria

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