Irradiation induces regionally specific alterations in pro-inflammatory environments in rat brain

Lee, Won Hee; Sonntag, William E.; Mitschelen, Matthew; Han, Yan; Lee, Yong Woo

doi:10.3109/09553000903419346

Cited by 173 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The similarities in the cognitive effects of exposure to HZE particle irradiation and aging may reflect the fact that the similar mechanisms mediate both natural and HZE particle-induced aging. Current theories of aging propose a role for oxidative stress [20]- [24] and neuroinflammation [25] [26] in the process. In turn, the cognitive deficits observed in aged organisms have been linked to the effects of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation on brain function [27]- [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Age on the Disruption of Cognitive Performance by Exposure to Space Radiation

Rabin¹,

Shukitt‐Hale²,

Carrihill-Knoll³

2014

JBBS

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Exposure to low doses of heavy particles and protons, which will be encountered during long-term exploratory class missions to other planets, can cause deficits in cognitive performance. These deficits are similar to those observed in aged animals. The long-term effects of such exposures and their relationship to the short-term effects and to aging remain to be established. Two-month old rats were exposed to a variety of heavy particles and protons. Recognition memory was tested at two time points following irradiation. The results showed that exposure to doses of radiation that did not disrupt cognitive performance in the younger animals, disrupted performance when the subjects were re-tested at an older age. These results indicate that there is an interaction between the age of the organism and the effects of exposure to space radiation on cognitive performance, such that exposure to doses of heavy particles or protons that may not produce an initial effect on cognitive performance may produce an effect as the organism ages. Because of the interaction between exposure to the types of radiation encountered in space and age, it is possible that participating in exploratory class missions may have consequences for the quality of life after the conclusion of the mission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Age on the Disruption of Cognitive Performance by Exposure to Space Radiation

Rabin¹,

Shukitt‐Hale²,

Carrihill-Knoll³

2014

JBBS

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“…by, for example, its impact on the expression of nuclear receptors PPAR [4]. Furthermore, melanin increases eNOS expression and the outflow of anti-inflammatory cytokines so as to reduce the intensity of inflammation in wound healing [6,11,15,16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tlr2, Tjp1 genes expression during wound healing dynamics – with melanin treatment

Dranitsina

Dvorshchenko

Taburets

et al. 2017

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

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Wound healing is the complex and dynamic process of replacing devitalized and missing cellular structures and tissue layers. We have previously shown that melanin, herein, produced by the Antarctic black yeast fungi Pseudonadsoniella brunea (Nadsoniella nigra sp. X-1), has expressed a cyto-protective effect, promoted rapid wound healing of various ethiology and can be offered as a new dermatropic drug. The current study was conducted on a rat model of purulent necrotic wound. In each model, one group was a control, while in the others, wound healing occurred without drug application or with administration of 0,5% carbopol or with both 0,5% carbopol and 0,1% melanin. The pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance in skin gomogenate in dynamics on 3, 6, 9, 14 and day of full epithelization was estimated using the spectrophotometric biochemical method. Moreover, so as to understand the role played by the Tlr2 and Tjp1 in the process of wound healing and scar formation, Tlr2, Tjp1gene expression and genetic mRNA was determined with quantitative RT-PCR. The application of our pharmacological composition stimulated the decrease of Tlr2 and Tjp1 gene expression against the background of suppression of free radical processes (reduction of superoxide anion radical content) with epithelization and without scarring. The results of this study have shown the positive effects of melanin on wound healing. The obtained results indicate the advisability of applying melanin for the treatment of inflammatory processes.

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“…In addition, whole brain irradiation results in pro-inflammatory environments in some specific regions. Cytokines were found to be elevated in different extent in hippocampal and cortical regions, for example, elevation of TNF-alpha in cortex was 57% greater than in hippocampus, but elevation of IL-1beta in hippocampus was 126% greater than in cortex [58] . And radiation-induced acute inflammatory responses may segue into chronic inflammation.…”

Section: Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Radiation-induced cognitive impairment

2015

Ther Targets Neurol Dis

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Radiation-induced cognitive impairment is one of the late adverse effects of cranial radiation therapy (CRT) for cancer patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors, head and neck cancers etc. It affects approximately 40-50% patients who survive for >6 months and severely reduces the quality of survivors' life. With the advancement of radiation therapy technology, the survival of brain tumor patients is significantly improved, thus understanding the etiology of CRT-induced cognitive impairment and developing the potential strategies of the management of this side-effect have become more important than ever. Some valuable insights have been obtained through extensive preclinical studies. It is suggested that radiation-induced cognitive impairment is due to the dysfunctions of hippocampus-dependent learning, memory and spatial information processing after radiation exposure. Until now, research results have shown that radiation-induced cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and aging-related cognitive decline, share some similar pathogenic factors, including chronic oxidative stress and inflammation, impairment in neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Blockade of these factors by antioxidants, anti-inflammatory drugs, transplant of neural stem cells, systemic hypoxia etc. can significantly ameliorate cognitive decline in cranially irradiated experimental animals. These studies shed the light on the pathogenesis of radiation-induced cognitive impairment and may have important implication in developing novel therapeutic interventions for surviving cancer patients who suffer from cognitive decline after CRT.

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Irradiation induces regionally specific alterations in pro-inflammatory environments in rat brain

Cited by 173 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of Age on the Disruption of Cognitive Performance by Exposure to Space Radiation

Effects of Age on the Disruption of Cognitive Performance by Exposure to Space Radiation

Tlr2, Tjp1 genes expression during wound healing dynamics – with melanin treatment

Radiation-induced cognitive impairment

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