Irregular menstruation according to occupational status

Kwak, Yeunhee; Kim, Yoonjung

doi:10.1080/03630242.2017.1342740

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the largest study that described the regularity and length of menstrual cycles in young Korean women. The proportion of women reporting irregular cycles in our study was higher times more likely to have irregular cycles than daytime workers [39]. Nurses are the largest healthcare workforce [40] and subjected to a challenging work environment (e.g., shift work and physically demanding tasks) [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses’ Health Study

et al. 2022

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Background Menstrual cycle characteristics are linked to reproductive function and long-term health outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate menstrual cycle patterns, characterized by regularity and length, and associated factors among women in the Korea Nurses’ Health Study. Methods A total of 9335 premenopausal women aged 22–45 years were included in this cross-sectional study. Regularity and length of menstrual cycles were self-reported, and their associations with reproductive, lifestyle, and occupational factors were examined using binomial and multinomial logistic regression models. Adjusted least-square means of menstrual distress, depressive symptoms, stress, fatigue, anxiety, and sleep problems were estimated according to menstrual cycle characteristics using generalized linear models. Results Twenty-one percent of nurses reported having irregular menstrual cycles (variability > 7 days). Ten percent, 64%, and 26% had menstrual cycle length of < 26, 26–31, and 32–50 days, respectively. Variability and length of cycles decreased with age and increased with age at menarche. Parous women showed low tendency of irregular cycles. Women with body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2 had higher odds of irregular (odds ratio [OR] 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.40–2.03) and long cycles (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.08–1.58) than those with BMI 18.5– < 23 kg/m2. Irregular cycles were less common in women performing vigorous physical activity, but more common in those with prolonged standing or frequent heavy lifting at work. Frequent rotating night shift was associated with irregular cycles among nulliparous women. Levels of menstrual and premenstrual distress, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, physical and mental fatigue, anxiety, and sleep problems were higher in women with irregular cycles than in those with regular cycles (p < 0.001, each). Conclusions The study suggests that irregular and long menstrual cycles are associated with reproductive, lifestyle, and occupational factors; also with menstrual distress and perceived health status. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of potential risk factors for menstrual dysfunction, and thus, may help improve women’s health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses’ Health Study

et al. 2022

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“…In a previous study, menstrual cycle length variations were more frequently observed with increasing age in women from lower social groups [ 28 ]. Manual workers and service/sales workers showed a higher frequency of irregular menstruation [ 21 , 29 ]. Lifestyle and psychological risk factors, such as smoking, obesity and stress were significantly associated with menstrual irregularity [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of irregular menstruation according to socioeconomic status: A population-based nationwide cross-sectional study

2019

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Irregular menstruation is an important indicator of current and potential health problems. A woman's health is greatly influenced by her socioeconomic status. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of irregular menstruation by socioeconomic status among South Korean women. Secondary data analyses were conducted among 4,709 women, aged 19-54 years, using raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V (2010-2012), a nationally representative survey. Compared to women who graduated from university, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for those who graduated from elementary school or lower, middle school, and high school were 3.256 (1.969-5.385), 2.857 (1.866-4.376), and 1.607 (1.261-2.048), respectively. Compared to women with a medium-high income level, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for women with the highest household income level was 1.409 (1.091-1.819). Irregular menstruation was prevalent among adult women and appeared to be associated with socioeconomic status, especially in terms of education and household income. This study's findings suggest that attention must be paid to women with low educational levels or high household incomes, to ensure early diagnosis and the provision of medical attention for irregular menstruation.

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“…The fact that the study results differed depending on whether the father or mother worked for long hours suggests a problematic situation regarding the difference in distribution of duties in the family. The imbalance in the burden of household work between men and women in the family may make women more vulnerable to health risks ( 34 , 35 ). The results of this study also showed that the effects of long working hours on children's dyslipidemia were associated with a significantly increased risk only for mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Long Working Hours of Parents and Dyslipidemia in Their Children

Ahn

Lee

Kang

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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The purpose of our study is to examine the association between children's low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and their parents' working hours. We used data from the 2010–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in which lipid profile samples of 3,799 children were eligible. Logistic regression analyses were used with an outcome variable of the dichotomous LDL-C group and an exposure variable of the father's and mother's working hours, respectively. In logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, household income, education level of children and parents, and working hours of the parents, mothers' working hours more than 52 h per week were significantly associated with their children's dyslipidemia [OR 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33–3.47] compared to working 40 h or less, whereas fathers' working hours did not show statistical significance (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.71–1.66) in the same manner. The association was greatest for elementary school students for mothers working more than 52 h per week (OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.64–7.14) compared to those working hours 40 h per week or less. Mothers' long working hours were associated with a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia in their children. The association was strongest for elementary school students. Proper working time of parents is required for their children's health.

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Irregular menstruation according to occupational status

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses’ Health Study

Factors associated with regularity and length of menstrual cycle: Korea Nurses’ Health Study

Prevalence of irregular menstruation according to socioeconomic status: A population-based nationwide cross-sectional study

The Association Between Long Working Hours of Parents and Dyslipidemia in Their Children

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