Irrigation as a Practical Means to Control Potato Common Scab (<i>Streptomyces scabies</i>): Final Experiment and Conclusions

Lapwood, D. H.; Wellings, L. W.; Hawkins, John H.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.1973.tb01766.x

Cited by 68 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Variations in disease incidence and severity of common scab caused by S. scabies were often observed and attributed to regional differences (Wanner 2006;Haynes et al 2006) and variation in the environment conditions (Lapwood et al 1973). Symptoms generated by these pathogens are raised or pitted lesions, often described as corky lesions on tubers.…”

Section: A-order Micrococalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Plant Associated Actinobacteria

Bouizgarne

Aouamar

2014

Sustainable Development and Biodiversity

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The phylum Actinobacteria encompasses Gram-positive bacteria with a high DNA G+C. In soils, they present multiple lifestyles: rhizosphere saprophytes, endophytes, facultative symbionts and obligate phytopathogens. They play either beneficial or adverse effects towards plants. Numerous studies focused on their taxonomy and preservation. Also, adequate strategies were developed to enable their isolation. Phenotypically, the Actinobacteria is one of the most diverse phyla within bacteria. Their presence was once monitored by classical culture dependent techniques and phenetic characterization. Development of culture independent methods including chemotaxonomic and genomic approaches such as 16S rRNA gene analysis allowed to detect the so called unculturable bacteria. Major works on their diversity combine culture dependant and independant techniques. This chapter focuses on the phenetic and genetic diversity of Actinobacteria in plant-soil systems. It begins with some knowledge of their biology and their taxonomy, followed by a brief overview of the methods that have facilitated advances in the understanding of their diversity. It also discusses diversity of ecologically important plant associated Actinobacteria (rhizosphere and phyllosphere colonizers, endophytes, symbionts and phytopathogens).

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Section: A-order Micrococalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Plant Associated Actinobacteria

Bouizgarne

Aouamar

2014

Sustainable Development and Biodiversity

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“…Common scab is favored by warm, dry and light soils (Lapwood and Adams 1975;Bouchek-Mechiche et al 2000b), whereas powdery scab prefers cool, wet and heavy soils (Lawrence and McKenzie 1986;van de Graaf et al 2005). Therefore, irrigation at tuber initiation is an effective means of controlling common scab (Lapwood et al 1973;Stalham and Friman 1996) but on the other hand favours powdery scab (de Boer 2000;Wale 2000b). …”

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confidence: 94%

Evaluation of the Sss AgriStrip rapid diagnostic test for the detection of Spongospora subterranea on potato tubers

2011

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Spongospora subterranea, f.sp. subterranea (Sss), which causes powdery scab, is mainly spread through infected seed tubers and survives in contaminated soil for many years. The visual assessment of tuber lots by inspectors carries the risk of misidentification due to the difficulty of distinguishing lesions caused by either Sss or Streptomyces spp.. To avoid this, the "Sss AgriStrip", a rapid and lab-independent test tool based on a lateral flow immunoassay has been developed, and we assessed its accuracy and sensitivity for detecting Sss. The Sss AgriStrip performed as well as other lab-based identification methods. The Sss AgriStrip, microscopy, ELISA, PCR, and real-time PCR techniques identified infection with S. subterranea in all tubers with typical powdery scab lesions. When lots with tubers showing a mixture of typical and atypical (suspicious) symptoms were tested, the presence of S. subterranea was confirmed in all lesions by all methods. The DNA content was generally lower in atypical than in typical lesions. Diverse and suspicious symptoms, which were difficult to assign to either powdery or common scab, tested negative with Sss AgriStrip and the other methods. This was despite microscopic observation of sporosori-like structures in some samples. Isolation and molecular identification confirmed that these lesions were mostly caused by Streptomyces spp. The Sss AgriStrip is as sensitive as DAS-ELISA with a detection limit between 1 and 10 sporosori per ml buffer. It is ideal for rapid and selective detection of Sss on farms and border inspection points to prevent spread of the pathogen.

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“…In addition to the variation present within pathogenic soil Streptomyces populations, field testing incorporates the many other variables in nature that influence the severity of scab, such as soil moisture content and soil pH (Davis et al 1974;Jellis 1975;Lapwood et al 1973;Waterer 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Scab Trials of Potato Varieties and Advanced Selections at Three U.S. Locations

et al. 2010

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Common scab (CS), caused by Streptomyces spp., is a soil-borne bacterial disease of potato tubers which may cause superficial, raised, or pitted lesions. The results of screening potato germplasm for severity of CS can be variable, necessitating testing over multiple environments. The purposes of this study were to evaluate advanced germplasm from public potato breeding programs in different regions of the United States for their reaction to CS, estimate broad-sense heritability for resistance, and identify clones with stable resistance. Seventeen to 23 clones per year were evaluated at each of three locations (ID, ME, MN) from 2002 to 2007. After harvest, each tuber was scored for the percent of surface area covered with lesions and the type of lesion. These scores were converted to an area index (AI) and a lesion index (LI). AI, LI, and the arcsine √ proportion scabby tubers (PS) were analyzed as normally distributed responses. There were significant differences among clones for AI in 2 years, LI in 5 years, and PS in 3 years. There were significant clone x location interactions for AI and PS all 6 years, and LI in 5 years. Broad-sense heritability for AI, LI, and PS ranged from 0 to 0.78, 0.49 to 0.90, and 0.30 to 0.80, respectively. Evaluation at multiple sites remains important for characterizing the reaction of potato germplasm to CS.Resumen La roña común (CS), causada por Streptomyces spp., es una enfermedad bacteriana de los tubérculos de la papa, que puede causar lesiones superficiales, elevadas o punteadas. Los resultados en las evaluaciones del germoplasma de papa pueden variar en severidad de CS, requiriéndose pruebas en múltiples ambientes. Los propó-sitos de este estudio fueron evaluar germoplasma avanzado de programas públicos de mejoramiento de papa en diferentes regiones de Estados Unidos para su reacción a CS, estimar la heredabilidad para la resistencia en un sentido amplio, e identificar clones con resistencia estable. Se evaluaron anualmente de 17 a 23 clones en cada una de tres localidades (ID, ME, MN) del 2002 al 2007. Después de la cosecha, cada tubérculo fue cuantificado en porcentaje de área de la superficie cubierta con lesiones y de qué tipo. Estas evaluaciones se convirtieron a un índice de área (AI) y a un índice de lesión (LI). Se analizaron AI, LI, y la proporción √ arcoseno de tubérculos con roña (PS) como respuestas en una distribución normal. Hubo diferencias significativas entre clones para AI en dos años, LI en cinco años, y PS en tres años. Hubo interacciones significativas de clon x localidad para AI y PS en los seis años, y LI en Funded in part by the USDA/ARS Potato Special Grants Program. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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Irrigation as a Practical Means to Control Potato Common Scab (Streptomyces scabies): Final Experiment and Conclusions

Cited by 68 publications

References 4 publications

Diversity of Plant Associated Actinobacteria

Diversity of Plant Associated Actinobacteria

Evaluation of the Sss AgriStrip rapid diagnostic test for the detection of Spongospora subterranea on potato tubers

Common Scab Trials of Potato Varieties and Advanced Selections at Three U.S. Locations

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