Irrigation Effects in the Northern Lake States: Wisconsin Central Sands Revisited

Kraft, George J.; Clancy, Katherine; Mechenich, David J.; Haucke, Jessica

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00836.x

Cited by 58 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Multiple regression with the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to quantify, explain and predict the changes due to precipitation or pumping on groundwater levels. Findings were corroborated with other independent study's findings [1] [28].…”

Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…represents irrigation pumping impacts in the record. Figure 4(b) includes P1 and shows the predicted results of Equation (1). The P1 variable modified the suggested precipitation response to give a more accurate prediction of the observed monitoring well water levels.…”

Section: Case Study 1: Hancock Monitoring Wellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the early to mid-twentieth century, groundwater withdrawals have drastically increased due to changes in irrigation technology [1]. Population increases and industry demands have put additional pressures on groundwater resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used statistical methods to extract the changing precipitation from groundwater irrigation impacts. This study is unique not only because it provides a statistical method for establishing irrigation groundwater withdrawals in the presence of changing annual precipitation, but additionally, results from one of the test areas (Plover region) were compared to a calibrated and peer reviewed published groundwater model [1] [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tools to Estimate Groundwater Levels in the Presence of Changes of Precipitation and Pumping

Haucke¹,

Clancy²,

Kraft³

2016

JWARP

Self Cite

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Central Wisconsin has the greatest density of high capacity wells in the state, most of which are used for agricultural irrigation. Irrigated agriculture has been growing steadily in the region since the 1950's, when irrigation systems and high capacity wells became inexpensive and easy to install. Recent low lake and river levels have increased concerns that unregulated groundwater pumping for irrigation will undermine the availability of groundwater to support surface waters and domestic uses. Some research has quantified the magnitude of groundwater level declines due to irrigation pumping, but no studies have identified its relation to climatic precipitation changes. Changes in precipitation can appear to exacerbate or mask the effect of groundwater pumping. In this study, four groundwater monitoring wells and five climate stations were examined for shifts in groundwater levels and precipitation changes. Through statistical analysis, significant precipitation increases were identified in the southern part of the study area which averaged 2.7 mm per year, but no significant change was determined for the northern portion. Bivariate analysis identified water level declines within the region in the years 1974, 1992 and 1999 for irrigated land covers. Multiple regression analysis explained, predicted and quantified the interaction between precipitation and pumping. Wells located in areas with many high capacity wells showed a decline in water levels of up to 1.28 meters. In the southern portion of the study area where increases in precipitation occurred, this decline was thought to be masked. Results for one region (Plover) agreed with a previously published calibrated groundwater model, which demonstrates that this statistical method may be used to separate the impact of groundwater pumping from changing precipitation, even where observation well data are not widely available.

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Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Case Study 1: Hancock Monitoring Wellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tools to Estimate Groundwater Levels in the Presence of Changes of Precipitation and Pumping

Haucke¹,

Clancy²,

Kraft³

2016

JWARP

Self Cite

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“…It is a region known for its highquality recreational waters, shallow groundwater, and welldrained, sandy soils (Benbrook et al 2002). These environmental characteristics make the system vulnerable to groundwater contamination (Bland 1999, Kraft andStites 2003) and competing demands for natural resources (Kraft et al 2012), which adds complexity to the regional social-ecological context.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Agricultural Stewardship Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Capacity-Building Stewardship Model: assessment of an agricultural network as a mechanism for improving regional agroecosystem sustainability

Duff¹,

Zedler²,

Barzen³

et al. 2017

E&S

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. 2017. The Capacity-Building Stewardship Model: assessment of an agricultural network as a mechanism for improving regional agroecosystem sustainability. Ecology and Society 22 (1) ABSTRACT. Working lands have potential to meet agricultural production targets while serving as reservoirs of biological diversity and as sources of ecological services. Yet agricultural policy creates disincentives for this integration of conservation and production goals. While necessary, the development of a policy context that promotes agroecosystem sustainability will take time, and successful implementation will depend on a receptive agricultural audience. As the demands placed on working lands grow, there is a need for regional support networks that build agricultural producers' capacity for land stewardship. We used a social-ecological system framework to illustrate the Healthy Grown Potato Program as an agricultural network case study. Our Capacity-Building Stewardship Model reflects a 20-year experience working in collaboration with potato growers certified under an ecolabel in Wisconsin, USA. The model applies an evolving, modular farm stewardship standard to the entire farm-croplands and noncroplands. The model demonstrates an effective process for facilitating communication and shared learning among program participants, including agricultural producers, university extension specialists, nonprofit conservation partners, and industry representatives. The limitation of the model in practice has been securing funding to support expansion of the program and to ensure that the ecolabel standard is responsive to changes in the social-ecological system. Despite this constraint, the Capacity-Building Stewardship Model reveals an important mechanism for building regional commitment to conservation, with agricultural producers in a leadership role as architects, adopters, and advocates for stewardship behavior. Our experience provides important insight for the application of agri-environment schemes on private lands. The durability of a conservation ethic on working farms is likely to be enhanced when networks engage and support producers in an ongoing stewardship dialogue. Stewardship networks provide a means for coordination of conservation practices across property boundaries; with sufficient enrollment, they can achieve the spatial scale necessary to enhance regional agroecosystem sustainability.

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Groundwater subsidizes tree growth and transpiration in sandy humid forests

Ciruzzi

Loheide

2021

Ecohydrology

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As drought variability increases in forests around the globe, it is critical to evaluate and understand ecosystem attributes that ameliorate drought impacts. Trees in arid and semi‐arid ecosystems can sustain tree growth and transpiration during drought by accessing shallow groundwater, yet the extent to which groundwater influences forest growth and transpiration in humid environments has largely been unexplored. We quantified groundwater's influence on tree growth and transpiration in northern humid forests with sandy soils. We hypothesized that even in wet regions, soil droughts occur relatively frequently in forests with sandy soils and result in water stress and reduced tree growth. Further, we hypothesized these reductions in productivity are ameliorated if the forest can access shallow groundwater during dry conditions. We evaluated tree growth responses using tree cores in Pinus resinosa trees and estimated forest groundwater use from diel water table fluctuations across sites covering a 1‐ to 9‐m depth‐to‐groundwater (DTG) gradient. In areas of shallow groundwater (DTG < 2.5 m), we observed twice as much tree growth and high, frequent groundwater use (up to 81% of non‐rainy summer days). Groundwater's influence on tree growth and transpiration declined as groundwater deepened along the DTG gradient in the range 1–5 m below land surface. These findings suggest that water provided by a shallow water table subsidizes evapotranspiration in humid forests and results in enhanced tree growth. Our research provides a basis for understanding the role of groundwater in conferring drought resistance in humid forests to help guide sustainable water and forest management decisions.

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Irrigation Effects in the Northern Lake States: Wisconsin Central Sands Revisited

Cited by 58 publications

References 8 publications

Tools to Estimate Groundwater Levels in the Presence of Changes of Precipitation and Pumping

Tools to Estimate Groundwater Levels in the Presence of Changes of Precipitation and Pumping

The Capacity-Building Stewardship Model: assessment of an agricultural network as a mechanism for improving regional agroecosystem sustainability

Groundwater subsidizes tree growth and transpiration in sandy humid forests

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