Irrigation regimes modulate non-structural carbohydrate remobilization and improve grain filling in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by regulating starch metabolism

ZANG, Yu-guang; Wu, Guanwei; Qiang-qiang, Li; Xu, Yang; Xue, Mingming; Chen, X.Y.; Wei, Haiyan; ZHANG, Wei-yang; Zhang, Hao; LIU, Li-jun; WANG, Zhi-qin; Gu, Junfei

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.05.012

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…With isolated bacterial isolates, the cells are characterised microscopically. According to [3] The cell wall of gram-positive bacteria consists of only one layer, which is C D http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 188 a relatively thick layer of peptidoglycan. The cell wall of gram-negative bacteria has two layers of cell wall, namely the outer layer of lipopolysaccharide and protein and the inner layer of peptidoglycan, but it is thinner than the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Isolation Of Bacteria From Rice Washi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rice has been the main source of carbohydrates in Asian cultures for thousands of years, and over time, its cultivation and production have expanded around the world [2]. According to [3] carbohydrates are nutrients that provide energy for the body, and in some societies, rice is a staple food that accounts for the majority of daily energy intake.Rice produces water from soaking the rice before the cooking process, known as rice washing water [4], [5]. Rice-washing water is included in household waste because it is a by-product that is not used anymore and has not been managed for human needs [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Rice Washing Water Waste

Abidin,

Mudi, Rusmini,

Hidayat

et al. 2024

International Journal of Science, Technology & Management

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Rice washing water is still considered as household waste because its benefits for plants are not widely known. Rice washing water is obtained from water that is washed many times before cooking which is rich in carbohydrate content in the form of starch and glucose and vitamins. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) require sugar or carbohydrates from rice washing water which is used as food to support metabolic activity and microbial cell proliferation. LAB is also included in a large group of microorganisms that physiologically produce lactic acid as the main metabolic product. LAB are classified as good bacteria so they are widely used as food processing products, especially those related to human digestion. The use of lactic acid bacteria in the agricultural sector is still very minimal, especially as a biodecomposer, even though LAB has the ability to produce cellulase enzymes which are very important in the breakdown of lignin in organic matter. This study aims to determine the presence of lactic acid bacteria in rice washing water fermentation. Isolation of lactic acid bacteria using pour plate method with MRSA (de Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar) media. Lactic acid bacteria isolates obtained were then characterized morphologically, physically, and biochemically. The results of isolation and characterization obtained four isolates with the codes AL-01, AL-02, AL-03, and AL-04. Four LAB isolates showed gram-positive, catalase-positive, non-motile, non-H2S, and IAA-positive results.

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Section: Results and Discussion Isolation Of Bacteria From Rice Washi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Rice Washing Water Waste

Abidin,

Mudi, Rusmini,

Hidayat

et al. 2024

International Journal of Science, Technology & Management

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“…In this study, it was observed that water-saving irrigation and an appropriate reduction in N could improve the NSC transfer rate. It may be due to water-saving irrigation, which improves the utilization rate of NSC after heading-flowering and promotes grain filling by regulating the activity of key enzymes involved in carbon metabolism [84]. Moreover, an appropriate reduction in N fertilizer and an appropriate irrigation regime could induce premature senescence during the filling period, shorten the filling period, and promote the remobilization of NSCs from vegetative tissues to grains, which is beneficial for improving the rice HI [28,85].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Saving Irrigation and N Reduction Increased the Rice Harvest Index, Enhanced Yield and Resource Use Efficiency in Northeast China

Du,

Zhang,

Song

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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For agricultural production, improving the rice harvest index (HI) through agricultural management practices is a major means to enhance water and N utilization efficiency and yield. Both irrigation regimes and nitrogen (N) rates are important aspects of agricultural management practices. However, it is unclear how the rice HI is affected by water and N. This study aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying the response of the rice HI to water and N, and to explore the most suitable water-saving and N reduction management practices to ensure yield. A two-year (2021~2022) field experiment was conducted on Mollisols in Northeast China. In this experiment, nine treatments were performed, involving three irrigation regimes (flooded irrigation, controlled irrigation, and “thin-shallow-wet-dry” irrigation) and three N rates (110, 99, and 88 kg/ha). The rice agronomic traits and transfer of photoassimilates under different water and N management practices were observed and studied; rice HI, WUE, and the NUE of rice was calculated and analyzed. The highest HI was achieved under controlled irrigation with a 99 kg/ha N rate, at values of 0.622 and 0.621 in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Controlled irrigation (CI) with an appropriate reduction in the N rate increased the proportion of productive tillers, the transfer rate of dry matter and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), the sugar–spikelet ratio, the grain–leaf ratio, and the leaf area index (LAI) during the heading–flowering stage. A subsequent analysis indicated that the main reason for the increase in the HI was the increase in the sugar–spikelet ratio during the heading–flowering stage. A high HI increased the rice yield by increasing the thousand-grain weight. The present study suggested that water-saving irrigation regimes and appropriate N reduction not only led to water and fertilizer resource savings but also improved agronomic characteristics during rice growth and enhanced transport capacity. Thus, these practices improved the rice HI and have enormous potential for increasing yield. Therefore, regulating the rice HI through water and N management methods should be considered an important strategy for improving rice yield.

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“…Starch, the main storage form of non-structural carbohydrates, can be interconverted by enzymes with soluble sugar that can be used directly. In this process, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is the key rate-limiting enzyme associated with starch synthesis in plants [ 26 , 27 ]; β-amylase is an exo amylase, and some studies have suggested that it plays a major role in starch degradation in bamboo [ 28 , 29 ]. Starch accumulates in the shoots in winter and is consumed in spring by converting it into soluble sugars [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Insights into the Roles of the Rhizome–Culm System in Bamboo Shoot Development through Analysis of Non-Structural Carbohydrate Changes

Hu,

Kong,

et al. 2023

Plants

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Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) required for bamboo shoot development, the critical stage that determines the yield of a bamboo stand, originate from the parent bamboo with the complex underground system. However, the metabolic mechanism of NSCs in the rhizome–culm system during bamboo shoot development remains unclear. In this study, we focused on the changes of NSCs in the rhizome–culm system and used anatomical, physiological, and biochemical methods to investigate the metabolism of NSCs in bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys edulis and the role of NSCs supply in the parent bamboo at different ages. The results showed that NSCs were accumulated and consumed from the bottom to the top in a bamboo shoot, which was consistent with the developmental pattern. The starch granules were stored in advance. The bamboo sheath stored starch from the dormant stage of shoot buds. The functions of culms and rhizomes showed age-dependent differences. Adult culms showed the highest capacity to provide NSCs, with more stored NSCs and higher β-amylase activity. Conversely, young culms seemed to prefer their growth, while old culms tended to store starch. Accordingly, adult rhizomes preferred sugar transport due to the lowest starch storage, lower ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activity, and higher β-amylase activity, while young and old rhizomes tended to prefer starch storage. These results provide a basis for further understanding of nutrient metabolism in bamboo stands.

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Irrigation regimes modulate non-structural carbohydrate remobilization and improve grain filling in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by regulating starch metabolism

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Rice Washing Water Waste

Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Rice Washing Water Waste

Water-Saving Irrigation and N Reduction Increased the Rice Harvest Index, Enhanced Yield and Resource Use Efficiency in Northeast China

Emerging Insights into the Roles of the Rhizome–Culm System in Bamboo Shoot Development through Analysis of Non-Structural Carbohydrate Changes

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