Irrigation with brackish water changes evapotranspiration, growth and ion uptake of halophytes

Öztürk, Ömer Faruk; Shukla, Manoj K.; Stringam, Blair L.; Picchioni, Geno A.; Gard, Charlotte C.

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2017.10.012

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In a greenhouse emergence experiment by Ozturk et al [50] with six halophytes (Atriplex canescens, Hordeum vulgare, Lepidium alyssoides, Distichlis stricta, Panicum virgatum, ×Triticosecale) in sandy loam soils at 0.8, 5, 8, and 10 dSm −1 salinities, triticale displayed no change in the emergence % even up to 10 dSm −1 while the emergence % decreased at 10 dSm -1 in our experiment. This difference could be possibly due to soil types.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Germination and Emergence Responses of Alfalfa, Triticale and Quinoa Irrigated with Brackish Groundwater and Desalination Concentrate

et al. 2020

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Increasing human population has raised the demand for food and forage production for a secure future. Current agriculture is challenged by increasing salinity and decreasing vegetation, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Western United States, especially, New Mexico is confronting continued drought, sodic soils, and degrading rangelands. Groundwater is increasingly used to supplement surface water for irrigation, despite being brackish, with an EC greater than 3 dSm−1. One way to supplement irrigation water supply is to desalinize brackish groundwater using a reverse osmosis (RO) process and utilize the RO concentrate to irrigate food and forage crops. The objective of this study were to determine the germination and emergence of three species, alfalfa (Medicago sativa-VNS (variety not stated)), triticale (×Triticosecale (VNS)), and quinoa (Chenopodium californicum-hand selected from native stand in S. California), when irrigated with brackish and RO concentrate waters. A germination experiment was conducted with alfalfa, triticale, and quinoa for 20 days in growth chambers set at their optimum germination temperatures of 29/18 °C, 17/7 °C, and 17/7.2 °C day/night, respectively, with a 12-hour photoperiod. An emergence experiment was conducted with the same species under controlled conditions in a greenhouse. In both the experiments, seeds were irrigated with four irrigation water salinity treatments (EC 0.7 dSm−1 (tap water as control)), 4.0 dSm−1 brackish groundwater (BGW), 8.0 dSm−1 reverse osmosis concentrate (RO), and 10.0 dSm−1 (BGW + NaCl) irrigation. Germination %, and emergence %, mean germination and emergence time, germination and emergence index, Timson’s index and Timson’s modified index were calculated. Results showed triticale had the highest germination % (80.5% as soils main effect and 87.84 % as species main effect irrespective of salinity) and emergence % (91.25% with control and BGW, 87.19% with RO) while quinoa was the most sensitive to salinity. Sand soil was favorable promoting higher germination up to 8 dSm−1 and clay soil promoted good emergence in alfalfa and triticale. The mean germination and emergence time was the shortest for triticale followed by alfalfa and longest for quinoa. This clearly demonstrates triticale as a promising salt tolerant forage species that can be cultivated in dry and degraded rangelands.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Germination and Emergence Responses of Alfalfa, Triticale and Quinoa Irrigated with Brackish Groundwater and Desalination Concentrate

et al. 2020

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“…Flores et al [10], in a study on triticale, reported higher ET and no decrease in biomass with increasing salinity up to 8 dSm −1 . Ozturk et al [20] showed similar results for triticale in their study, where ET increased and no differences were observed in biomass with increasing salinity.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…This is because halophytes possess a range of highly efficient and complementary morphological, physiological, and anatomical characteristics to combat and benefit from a saline environment [3,15,39]. Ozturk et al [20] in their study on triticale irrigated with non-sodic Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ dominant irrigation water with an EC up to 10 dSm −1 , did not show any reduction in biomass, and our results report no decrease in biomass with 8 dSm −1 Na + dominant irrigation water.…”

Section: Plant Heights and Biomasscontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…Earlier studies have shown tolerance in alfalfa and triticale when irrigated with wastewater. Triticale is confirmed to be a salt-tolerant species, showing no differences in the biomass increase with increasing salinity even up to 10 dSm −1 [20]. We chose to work with these two forage species, but with different salinity treatments of Ca 2+ and Na + dominant concentrates, keeping the highest salinity EC at 8 dSm −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth, Evapotranspiration, and Ion Uptake Characteristics of Alfalfa and Triticale Irrigated with Brackish Groundwater and Desalination Concentrate

et al. 2019

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Persistent drought, low snowfall, and low rainfall have reduced availability of fresh water for irrigating agricultural crops in many arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Brackish groundwater (electrical conductivity; EC > 3 dSm−1) is increasingly used for irrigation in New Mexico. This study investigates the effect of ion uptake from brackish groundwater and concentrate irrigation on the performance of two forage species, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and triticale (×Triticosecale), in sand soils in greenhouse conditions. Two simultaneous experiments were run for 90 days using tap water (control; 0.7 dSm−1), brackish groundwater (BGW; 4 dSm−1), reverse osmosis concentrate (RO; 8 dSm−1, Ca2+ dominant), and BGW plus sodium chloride (BGW + NaCl; 8 dSm−1, Na+ dominant). BGW + NaCl irrigation significantly reduced the evapotranspiration (ET) of both the species. Deep percolation (DP) increased significantly with RO and BGW + NaCl irrigation in alfalfa but only with BGW + NaCl irrigation in triticale. Alfalfa plant growth decreased with increasing salinity, while triticale plants followed an opposite trend. ET continued to decrease with increasing salinity for both species. Na+ dominant (BGW + NaCl) irrigation produced robust growth and early flowering and ear head formation in triticale. Na+ ion concentration in shoots was above 0.66%, which led to reduced alfalfa growth, while more than 1.22% did not decrease triticale growth or biomass. Increased Ca2+ sequestration in alfalfa played a crucial role in reducing Na+ ion toxicity. Species performance primarily confirmed that alfalfa is moderately salt-tolerant while triticale is confirmed to be a halophyte producing abundant growth and biomass with higher Na+ uptake. Triticale proved to be a promising species for reuse of RO concentrate for agriculture in marginal lands.

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“…In response to this, improving the efficiency of use of irrigation water is useful [7,8]. Evapotranspiration (ET) plays a crucial role in both energy and water cycles, and its estimation accuracy has vital influence on irrigation planning, crop yield simulation, drought monitoring and forecasting [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appropriateness of Potential Evapotranspiration Models for Climate Change Impact Analysis in Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, China

Jian

Xuan

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important element in the water and energy cycle. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is an important measurement of ET. Its accuracy has significant influence on agricultural water management, irrigation planning, and hydrological modelling. However, whether current PET models are applicable under climate change or not, is still a question. In this study, five frequently used PET models were chosen, including one combination model (the FAO Penman-Monteith model, FAO-PM), two temperature-based models (the Blaney-Criddle and the Hargreaves models) and two radiation-based models (the Makkink and the Priestley-Taylor models), to estimate their appropriateness in the historical and future periods under climate change impact on the Yarlung Zangbo river basin, China. Bias correction methods were not only applied to the temperature output of Global Climate Models (GCMs), but also for radiation, humidity, and wind speed. It was demonstrated that the results from the Blaney-Criddle and Makkink models provided better agreement with the PET obtained by the FAO-PM model in the historical period. In the future period, monthly PET estimated by all five models show positive trends. The changes of PET under RCP8.5 are much higher than under RCP2.6. The radiation-based models show better appropriateness than the temperature-based models in the future, as the root mean square error (RMSE) value of the former models is almost half of the latter models. The radiation-based models are recommended for use to estimate PET under climate change in the Yarlung Zangbo river basin.Atmosphere 2019, 10, 453 2 of 24 management and irrigation planning [21][22][23]. A number of models have been proposed to estimate PET and these models can be divided into four categories: (1) Temperature-based models, such as the Blaney-Criddle model [24]; (2) radiation-based models, including the Makkink model [25]; (3) mass transfer-based models, such as the Rohwer model [26]; (4) combined energy-mass balanced models, such as the Penman-Monteith (PM) model [27]. The PM model is used widely and has been commonly adopted as a reference, owing to the fact that it is a physical-based model and combines both energy and mass balances [28][29][30]. Correspondingly, its requirement of climate variables data is much stricter than other models, including relative humidity and wind speed [27]. These climate data may not be available in many regions or even may not be measured at all. Thus, models with less data demand were developed, such as models from categories 2 and 3. These simple models only need temperature data or solar radiation data [31][32][33]. However, they were proposed under specific climate conditions, which may have impact on their applicability for various conditions. Therefore, understanding the behavior of these models has been a major concern.Many studies have compared the performance of different PET models under various regions and under different climate conditions for historical periods [19,[31][32][33][34][35]. Xu and...

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Irrigation with brackish water changes evapotranspiration, growth and ion uptake of halophytes

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Germination and Emergence Responses of Alfalfa, Triticale and Quinoa Irrigated with Brackish Groundwater and Desalination Concentrate

Germination and Emergence Responses of Alfalfa, Triticale and Quinoa Irrigated with Brackish Groundwater and Desalination Concentrate

Growth, Evapotranspiration, and Ion Uptake Characteristics of Alfalfa and Triticale Irrigated with Brackish Groundwater and Desalination Concentrate

Appropriateness of Potential Evapotranspiration Models for Climate Change Impact Analysis in Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, China

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