Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Defrees, Dean Nathanial; Bailey, Justin

doi:10.1016/j.pop.2017.07.009

Cited by 133 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Our results on case characteristics are in line with several other studies on specific FSS It is a consistent finding that the female sex dominates in both IBS [10][11][12][13]49 , FM 5,14,16,50 , CFS 17,19,51 , WAD 52 , and MCS 22,23 . However, one study did not find any pronounced predominance of the female sex in FM 53 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Irritable bowel, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue and related syndromes are prevalent and highly overlapping in the general population: DanFunD

Petersen

Schröder

Jørgensen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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prevalence of functional somatic syndromes (fSS) in the general population varies with observed overlap between syndromes. However, studies including a range of fSS are sparse. We investigated prevalence and characteristics of various fSS and the unifying diagnostic construct bodily distress syndrome (BDS), and identified mutual overlap of the FSS and their overlap with BDS. We included a stratified subsample of 1590 adults from a randomly selected Danish general population sample (n = 7493). Telephonic diagnostic interviews performed by three trained physicians were used to identify individuals with FSS and BDS. Prevalence of overall FSS was 9.3%; 3.8% for irritable bowel, 2.2% for chronic widespread pain, 6.1% for chronic fatigue, 1.5% for whiplash associated disorders, and 0.9% for multiple chemical sensitivity. Prevalence of BDS was 10.7% where 2.0% had the multi-organ type. fSS were highly overlapping with low likelihood of having a "pure" type. Diagnostic agreement of FSS and BDS was 92.0%. Multi-syndromatic FSS and multi-organ BDS were associated with female sex, poor health, physical limitations, and comorbidity. fSS are highly prevalent and overlapping, and multi-syndromatic cases are most affected. BDS captured the majority of FSS and may improve clinical management, making the distinction between multi-and mono-syndromatic patients easier. Functional somatic syndromes (FSS), such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fibromyalgia/chronic widespread pain (FM/CWP), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), whiplash associated disorders (WAD), and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), are prevalent in various medical settings and cause great impairment in patients and high health care costs for society. A variety of other terms are used in the literature for these syndromes, central sensitization syndromes 1 and medically unexplained symptoms 2 among others, which underlines the very different conceptualization of these health conditions in current medicine. However, regardless the clinician's a-priori conceptualisation, the present lack of objective clinical signs or reproducible paraclinical findings constitutes a diagnostic challenge as the diagnoses in clinical practise rely on subjective symptom reports, exclusion of relevant differential diagnoses, and the medical history 3-9. Reviews on IBS, FM, and CFS have shown varying prevalence in general populations: 1-45% for IBS 6,10-13 , 0.5-9% for FM 5,14-16 , and 0.1-2.8% for CFS 17-20. One population-based study has found a prevalence of WAD of 1.4-2.9% 21. For MCS, reviews of population-based prevalence also vary tremendously: One review presented prevalence of physician-diagnosed MCS of 0.5% reviews while another have reported a prevalence of MCS of between 1 and 15% 22,23. The considerable variation in prevalence may be attributed to the different diagnostic criteria used for each FSS. Furthermore, a substantial overlap of symptoms between various FSS diagnoses has been shown, indicating

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the current study, all FSS are highly associated with self-rated poor quality of life, i.e. having a poor health or limitations in daily activities, which is similar to findings in other studies on IBS 6,[10][11][12][13]49 , FM 16,50 , CFS 17,51 , WAD 52,54,55 , and MCS 23 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Irritable bowel, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue and related syndromes are prevalent and highly overlapping in the general population: DanFunD

Petersen

Schröder

Jørgensen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Although a range of channels and receptors have been implicated (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), our understanding of chronic visceral hypersensitivity (CVH) is still poor. Not surprisingly, therefore, pharmacological management of chronic abdominal pain is nonspecific and ranges from NSAIDs to opioids, without or with adjuvant analgesics (21). Anticonvulsants such as gabapentin and pregabalin show promise to treat CVH, but there is insufficient data to support their effectiveness in FBD patients, and all use is considered off-label (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NaV1.1 inhibition can reduce visceral hypersensitivity

Salvatierra¹,

Castro²,

Erickson³

et al. 2018

JCI Insight

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Functional bowel disorder patients can suffer from chronic abdominal pain, likely due to visceral hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli. As there is only a limited understanding of the basis of chronic visceral hypersensitivity (CVH), drug-based management strategies are ill defined, vary considerably, and include NSAIDs, opioids, and even anticonvulsants. We previously reported that the 1.1 subtype of the voltage-gated sodium (NaV; NaV1.1) channel family regulates the excitability of sensory nerve fibers that transmit a mechanical pain message to the spinal cord. Herein, we investigated whether this channel subtype also underlies the abdominal pain that occurs with CVH. We demonstrate that NaV1.1 is functionally upregulated under CVH conditions and that inhibiting channel function reduces mechanical pain in 3 mechanistically distinct mouse models of chronic pain. In particular, we use a small molecule to show that selective NaV1.1 inhibition (a) decreases sodium currents in colon-innervating dorsal root ganglion neurons, (b) reduces colonic nociceptor mechanical responses, and (c) normalizes the enhanced visceromotor response to distension observed in 2 mouse models of irritable bowel syndrome. These results provide support for a relationship between NaV1.1 and chronic abdominal pain associated with functional bowel disorders.

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“…Elimination diets are key to reducing IBS symptoms like bloating, gas and pain. The most recommended one is a low FODMAP diet (eliminating fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols) [ 29 , 30 ] which is followed by a gluten-free diet according to non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) [ 31 , 32 ], a lactose-free diet [ 33 ] or a diet based on measurements of individual levels of IgG antibodies to food antigens in patients [ 34 ]. The efficacy of a low FODMAP diet is around 75% in patients with visceral hypersensitivity [ 35 ], but on the other hand, a low FODMAP diet might alter gut microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Food-Specific Serum IgG Reactivity in Major Depressive Disorder Patients, Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients and Healthy Controls

Karakuła-Juchnowicz

Gałęcka²,

Róg

et al. 2018

Nutrients

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There is an increasing amount of evidence which links the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with food IgG hyperreactivity. Some authors have suggested that food IgG hyperreactivity could be also involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to compare levels of serum IgG against 39 selected food antigens between three groups of participants: patients with MDD (MDD group), patients with IBS (IBS group) and healthy controls (HC group). The study included 65 participants (22 in the MDD group, 22 in the IBS group and 21 in the HC group). Serum IgG levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Medical records, clinical data and laboratory results were collected for the analysis. IgG food hyperreactivity (interpreted as an average of levels of IgG antibodies above 7.5 µg/mL) was detected in 28 (43%) participants, including 14 (64%) from the MDD group, ten (46%) from the IBS group and four (19%) from the HC group. We found differences between extreme IgG levels in MDD versus HC groups and in IBS versus HC groups. Patients with MDD had significantly higher serum levels of total IgG antibodies and IgG against celery, garlic and gluten compared with healthy controls. The MDD group also had higher serum IgG levels against gluten compared with the IBS group. Our results suggest dissimilarity in immune responses against food proteins between the examined groups, with the highest immunoreactivity in the MDD group. Further studies are needed to repeat and confirm these results in bigger cohorts and also examine clinical utility of IgG-based elimination diet in patients with MDD and IBS.

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Cited by 133 publications

References 44 publications

Irritable bowel, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue and related syndromes are prevalent and highly overlapping in the general population: DanFunD

Irritable bowel, chronic widespread pain, chronic fatigue and related syndromes are prevalent and highly overlapping in the general population: DanFunD

NaV1.1 inhibition can reduce visceral hypersensitivity

The Food-Specific Serum IgG Reactivity in Major Depressive Disorder Patients, Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients and Healthy Controls

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